HOUSTON — Travelers at George Bush Intercontinental Airport faced grueling security lines Wednesday as the ongoing partial government shutdown continued to cripple TSA staffing, with wait times at the major Houston hub reaching as long as four hours or more during peak periods. Houston Airports officials warned passengers to prepare for extended delays, with checkpoints consolidated into just two terminals and expedited lanes largely unavailable.

As of midday Wednesday, official estimates on the airport’s website showed Terminal A South checkpoint waits at 240 minutes — four hours — while Terminal E registered 180 minutes, or three hours. Lines frequently snaked outside terminals and even into non-standard queuing areas, including underground train levels in some cases. By evening hours on recent days, some waits eased to under 30 minutes as passenger volumes dropped, but morning and midday rushes remained chaotic.

The disruptions stem from the federal government shutdown that began Feb. 14, now stretching into its sixth week. TSA officers nationwide continue working without pay, leading to high call-out rates. At IAH, absenteeism has hovered around 36% to 39%, among the highest for major U.S. airports, forcing consolidation of screening operations. Only Terminals A and E currently host active TSA checkpoints, with reduced lanes and no consistent TSA PreCheck or CLEAR services.

Houston Airports System Director of Aviation Jim Szczesniak noted in recent updates that staffing levels allow only a third to half of normal screening lines to operate across the airport’s five terminals. Federal Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) agents have been deployed to assist at IAH and neighboring William P. Hobby Airport, helping direct crowds, distribute water and maintain order, though they do not perform screening duties.

George Bush Intercontinental, one of the nation’s busiest airports and a key hub for United Airlines, handles more than 45 million passengers annually. Its five terminals — A, B, C, D and E — serve a mix of domestic and international flights, with Terminal C primarily dedicated to United operations. During the current crisis, passengers checking bags in other terminals are directed to A or E for security, adding further complexity and time.

Airport officials have issued repeated alerts urging travelers to arrive significantly earlier than usual. Recommendations include contacting airlines immediately for potential rebooking waivers, downloading airline apps to monitor gates while in line, and limiting carry-on items to speed the process. Some airlines have offered flexible rebooking options for those missing flights due to security delays.

Third-party trackers showed varying averages. Historical hourly data indicated overnight waits around 15-27 minutes, rising to 30-37 minutes during typical daytime hours under normal conditions. However, current conditions have rendered many estimates unreliable, with manual updates from the airport providing the most accurate guidance. The official MyTSA app has lagged during the shutdown, prompting reliance on fly2houston.com for real-time postings.

Travelers shared stories of frustration on social media and local news. Lines in Terminal A have extended across multiple floors, with some passengers reporting waits exceeding five hours on busy mornings. Families with children, elderly travelers and those with connecting flights faced particular hardship. Houston Airports staff in bright orange polos circulated to offer directions and assistance, while nonprofit groups provided meals to working TSA officers and fuel support for their families.

The shutdown has affected TSA operations nationwide, with similar long lines reported at hubs like Atlanta and others. In Houston, call-out rates at Hobby Airport reached over 40%, though smaller scale helped keep waits somewhat shorter there. At IAH, the situation has prompted warnings of missed flights and calls for swift congressional action to resolve the funding impasse.

Experts note that TSA employs tens of thousands of screeners, and even moderate call-outs compound quickly during peak travel periods. The current crisis has highlighted vulnerabilities in the system, with reduced capacity forcing consolidation and longer processing times per passenger. Screening procedures remain unchanged, but fewer open lanes mean slower throughput.

Houston Airports has taken several steps to mitigate the impact. Non-TSA staff assist with bin management and passenger flow communication. Parking reservations are encouraged online to reduce ground congestion. The airport continues to monitor staffing in real time and adjust operations accordingly. International travelers, many routed through Terminal D or E, receive specific guidance to check bags before proceeding to active checkpoints.

For those with TSA PreCheck or Global Entry, services have been inconsistent or unavailable on many days, pushing all passengers into standard lanes. CLEAR biometric lanes have also been closed during peak disruption periods. Officials stress that safety remains the priority, with no compromises to screening protocols despite the strain.

Broader economic ripple effects include potential disruptions to business travel and tourism in the Houston region. The airport serves as a gateway to energy, medical and aerospace industries, amplifying the stakes of prolonged delays. Local elected officials and travel advocates have urged federal lawmakers to address TSA pay and staffing issues promptly.

As the shutdown drags on, Houston Airports continues updating its FAQ with practical advice: Use restrooms and purchase necessities before joining lines; ensure ID matches boarding passes exactly; and remain flexible with travel plans. The agency has coordinated with airlines to minimize cascading delays where possible.

Looking ahead, spring break and summer travel seasons could exacerbate pressures if the funding situation persists. TSA has historically ramped up hiring during peaks, but current constraints limit that flexibility. Passengers with disabilities or medical needs are encouraged to contact TSA Cares in advance for coordinated assistance.

Wednesday’s conditions reflected the fluid nature of the crisis. While some evening relief appeared on prior days, officials cautioned that waits could again exceed four hours depending on staffing and flight schedules. Travelers are advised to check fly2houston.com/iah/security/ frequently, as updates occur throughout the day.

In the meantime, the airport maintains full operations for flights, with delays primarily tied to security bottlenecks rather than runway or gate issues. United Airlines and other carriers have issued advisories recommending passengers build in substantial buffer time — three to four hours or more for domestic flights during peak disruptions.

The situation at George Bush Intercontinental Airport underscores the human element behind aviation security. TSA officers working without pay have shown dedication, but the strain is evident. Support efforts, including meals from the Houston Food Bank and assistance from Wings of Compassion, aim to sustain morale.

For now, patience and preparation remain the best tools for navigating IAH security. As negotiations in Washington continue, Houston travelers hope for swift resolution to restore normal staffing and shorter lines at one of the country’s busiest gateways.