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Crypto World

Q1 2026 Digital Asset Review

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Chart 1: coindesk indices

In today’s newsletter, Joshua de Vos from CoinDesk breaks down cryptos performance in the first quarter, highlighting shifting institutional demand and new regulatory clarity setting the stage for Q2.

Sarah Morton


Q1 2026 Digital Asset Review

Digital assets closed Q1 2026 under meaningful pressure, extending a downturn that began in late 2025. As presented in CoinDesk’s latest “Quarterly Review and Outlook,” the quarter was shaped by escalating geopolitical tensions, a cautious Federal Reserve, and institutional flows that turned sharply negative before partially recovering into month-end.

Q1 in review

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The CoinDesk 20 Index declined 27.4% to 1,952, while bitcoin fell 22.1% to $68,228; its second-largest quarterly decline since Q2 2022. Escalating tensions in the Middle East pushed crude oil above $100 per barrel, while the Federal Reserve held rates steady at 3.5%–3.75% following its March meeting. The S&P 500 and Nasdaq declined 4.63% and 5.98% respectively; gold was the standout, rising 8.19% to $4,671.

BTC vs gold vs SPX vs Nasdaq vs the CD20 Index, Q1 2026

Chart 1: coindesk indices

A notable dynamic emerged in the quarter’s second half. Bitcoin had already declined roughly 30% from its February peak before geopolitical tensions escalated sharply in late February, suggesting much of the fear and forced liquidations had been priced in before the event. Since tensions intensified, bitcoin returned 3.54%, while the S&P 500 and Nasdaq fell 5.09% and 4.89%. The CoinDesk Memecoin Index was the weakest performer at -41.7%; the CoinDesk 80 outperformed bitcoin, declining 16.5%, with Hyperliquid (+43.8%) and Morpho (+40.9%) leading positive returns among its constituents.

BTC and CD20 Index vs selected assets, returns since Feb 28th

Chart: BTC and CD20 Index vs selected assets, returns since Feb 28th

Institutional flows in focus

Among U.S. spot bitcoin ETFs, net outflows of $1.81B across January and February erased much of the institutional demand built during the prior year. Although March saw a recovery of $1.32B in inflows, Q1 closed with net redemptions of approximately $496M. Bitcoin’s stabilisation in March coincided with the return of positive net inflows, suggesting institutional positioning had begun to rebuild before the quarter ended.

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Bitcoin ETF flows and BTC price, Q1 2026

CoinDesk Indices chart

In the spot ETF era, institutional flow data provides a real-time signal of sentiment unavailable in prior cycles. The March recovery sets a baseline worth watching for Q2, particularly as Morgan Stanley reportedly prepares a spot bitcoin ETF ($MSBT) at a 0.14% fee, designed to integrate into its network of over 16,000 advisors.

The regulatory picture clarifies

A joint SEC–CFTC ruling on March 17 designated 16 assets, including SOL, XRP and DOGE, as digital commodities and thus outside the securities definition. This removes a key regulatory overhang and opens the pathway for spot ETF approvals across a broader range of assets. Basket and index-based ETPs now rank second only to bitcoin-focused products by number of pending filings, with CoinDesk indices including the CD20 and CD100 increasingly referenced as natural benchmarks for these vehicles.

Number of pending crypto ETP applications, 2025

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Number of pending crypto ETP applications, 2025 chart

Looking ahead to Q2

Market direction in Q2 will be shaped by two variables: the trajectory of the Middle East conflict and the Federal Reserve’s response to inflation data. A de-escalation would ease energy price pressure and creates conditions for recovery; prolonged conflict would keep financial conditions tight. Bitcoin’s October 2025 peak near $126,000 and the subsequent correction are broadly consistent with the historical halving cycle, which typically produces an 18–24 month post-ATH drawdown. This cycle’s structural difference is institutionalised ETF demand; on peak days in 2024, inflows topped $1 billion, equivalent to absorbing over 30 days of mining supply in a single session. Combined with a more supportive regulatory environment and a deepening institutional product suite, the structural foundation entering this correction is meaningfully more durable than in prior cycles.

Constituent highlights

Ether declined 29.1% in Q1, with U.S. spot ether ETFs recording net outflows of $758 million. The more significant forward-looking development is Ethereum’s structural position in tokenised assets; 59.4% of total real-world asset supply resides on Ethereum as of Q1 2026. BlackRock’s ETHB staking ETF, launched on March 12 with a projected 3–7% annual yield, introduces an income-generating dimension to ETH that could broaden its appeal to yield-oriented allocators.

Solana declined 33.2% but registered a notable milestone: peer-to-peer stablecoin transaction volume reached a new all-time high of $832 billion in Q1 2026, reflecting a shift toward payments infrastructure. Solana’s real-world asset holder count also surpassed Ether for the first time, driven by platforms such as Ondo Global Markets and xStocks.

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XRP declined 27.1%, but the narrative is increasingly centred on Ripple’s expanding institutional infrastructure. RLUSD reached a market capitalization of $1.42 billion by quarter-end, and Ripple’s acquisition strategy, spanning prime brokerage through Hidden Road ($1.25 billion, clearing $3 trillion annually) and treasury management through GTreasury ($1 billion), points toward a comprehensive financial ecosystem built around XRP and RLUSD. The key catalyst for Q2 is whether these integrations translate into measurable on-chain activity.

This summary was created based on CoinDesk Research’s latest report “Digital Assets: Quarterly Review and Outlook, Featuring CoinDesk 5 and CoinDesk 20.”

Joshua de Vos, research team lead, CoinDesk


Keep Reading

  • JP Morgan CEO Jamie Dimon says the bank must “move faster” with its blockchain efforts due to the threats banking faces from blockchain technology.
  • Morgan Stanley’s own bitcoin ETF opened this week creating competition on Wall Street.
  • The U.S. Treasury is pitching new rules for stablecoin issuers to treat them like every other financial firm that must maintain armor against illicit uses.

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Crypto World

Epic Market Flash Crash Killed Bull Market: Is Crypto Healthier Now?

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Epic Market Flash Crash Killed Bull Market: Is Crypto Healthier Now?

Key takeaways:

  • Bitcoin orderbook depth has plummeted by 50% since September 2025, signaling a substantial decline in overall market liquidity.

  • Indicators suggest that the current market fragility stems more from recent 2026 trends than from the 2025 flash crash itself.

Bitcoin (BTC) and crypto markets took a massive hit on Oct. 10, 2025, precisely 6 months ago. That devastating flash crash wiped out a record-breaking $19 billion in leveraged positions while some altcoins collapsed 40% to 80%. Many traders speculated that multiple market makers had been wiped out, while others accused the Binance exchange of blatant manipulation.

Was the crypto market structure actually altered after the October 2025 crash, and what has changed in liquidity, derivatives markets, and institutional metrics?

Aggregate Bitcoin spot +1% to -1% orderbook depth, USD. Source: CoinAnk

Bitcoin’s aggregate orderbook depth, ranging from +1% to -1%, typically oscillated between $180 million and $260 million in September 2025. On most days, there would be a healthy $90 million in bids, but that was not the case on Oct. 10, 2025. A mix of technical issues at Binance and auto-deleveraging on decentralized exchanges caused a temporary liquidity lapse.

During the flash crash, Bitcoin’s orderbook depth entered a downward spiral, stabilizing near $150 million by mid-November 2025. Currently, Bitcoin’s order book depth seldom exceeds $130 million, down 50% from levels seen in September 2025.

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The already fragile market conditions deteriorated further in February 2026. Bitcoin’s orderbook depth plunged below $60 million for nearly 10 days as the price struggled to hold the $65,000 level. Cryptocurrency market volumes declined considerably, especially in the derivatives markets.

Total crypto trading volume, USD. Source: TokenInsight

Cryptocurrency derivatives volumes oscillated between $40 billion and $130 billion over the past 30 days, falling short of the $200 billion mark commonly seen in September 2025. Still, the reduced appetite for futures contracts is not necessarily a bearish indicator as longs (buyers) and shorts (sellers) are evenly matched at all times.

Demand for bullish leverage remains weak, ETF volumes lag

The Bitcoin perpetual futures funding rate can be used to assess traders’ risk appetite.

Bitcoin perpetual futures annualized funding rate. Source: Laevitas

Under normal conditions, the indicator should range between 6% to 12% to compensate for the cost of capital. Excessive demand for bearish leverage can push the indicator below 0%, meaning shorts are the ones paying to keep their positions open. Data indicate stable conditions throughout November 2025, followed by a sharp decline in February 2026.

Curiously, volumes of US-listed spot Bitcoin exchange-traded funds (ETFs) were not impacted by the Oct. 10, 2025 flash crash. In fact, by late November, activity in those instruments jumped to their highest levels in 20 months at $11.5 billion per day. 

Related: Binance adds spot trading guardrails to limit abnormal executions

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US-listed spot Bitcoin ETFs daily trading volume, USD. Source: Coinglass

Bitcoin ETFs regularly traded at volumes above $4 billion per day between January and March 2026, but eventually fell below $3.3 billion by the first week of April. Similarly, US-listed Ether (ETH) ETFs average daily volume dropped to $1 billion, down from $2 billion in September 2025. 

Orderbook depth, funding rate, derivatives and ETF volumes all point to a much less healthy cryptocurrency market in April 2026 relative to 6 months prior. However, given that the market structure held relatively firm through February 2026, the relevance of the Oct. 10, 2025 flash crash seems much less than previously imagined.