Cleveland Police made the arrests in connection with the fatal collision that claimed seven lives, including two police officers.

On August 22, officers received multiple reports of two vehicles being driven dangerously in Middlesbrough.

One of the cars, believed to be a Volvo XC60, was seen ramming into properties, while a Volkswagen Passat was thought to be linked to the incident.

Both vehicles were using cloned number plates to avoid detection but were identified by the force’s automated number plate recognition system.

The Volvo was later traced and recovered in Middlesbrough as part of the ongoing investigation.

Throughout the weekend, Cleveland Police, supported by officers from Durham, Northumbria, and North Yorkshire, worked to piece together the events leading up to the crash.

Assistant Chief Constable Wayne Fox said: “This has been a fast-moving and complex investigation, with significant links to serious and organised criminal activity.

“The events of that tragic night will have a lasting and profound impact on the Cleveland area and the communities we seek to protect.

“We have a duty to respond to, and thoroughly investigate, the serious criminal activity that resulted in this fatal incident and to bring all those responsible to justice.

“Our robust response will continue in the weeks and months to come, as we continue to tackle those that seek to cause harm to our communities and tackle serious and organised crime.”

Nine men and three women, aged between 19 and 61, have been arrested on suspicion of offences including possession of a firearm and involvement in organised crime.

Cleveland Police said there is currently no evidence to suggest the incidents were filmed for TikTok.

The force also confirmed that four of the occupants of the Passat had previous police convictions.

Assistant Chief Constable Fox praised the efforts of officers and staff during the investigation.

He said: “Officers and staff across Cleveland have shown incredible resilience in continuing their work in the face of tragedy.

“Two of their colleagues lost their lives while serving the people of Cleveland and, while the impact will be felt by our people for a long time to come, they have continued to act with the upmost professionalism.

“I am also extremely grateful for the support we have received, and continue to receive, from the public of Cleveland and our wider police family.”

The crash occurred on the A66 in South Bank at 3.39am on Saturday (August 22).

All seven occupants of the vehicles – two police officers and five members of the public – were pronounced dead at the scene.

The two police officers were named as PC Matthew Blades, 37, and PC Tom Clough, 38.

The five men who died in the Passat were named as Michael Robert Cahill, 23, Theo Rae, 17, Cole Robert Worthy, 17, Jacob Matusiak, 23, and Makai Saddington, 18.

Following the tragedy, a memorial has been created near the crash site, including floral tributes, balloons and handwritten notes.

Cleveland Police said members of the public can leave tributes at Cleveland Police HQ.

They said: “Flower tributes can be left at the Memorial Garden at Cleveland Police HQ in Hemlington or any Cleveland Police station.

“There is a safe site in front of the South Tees Business Park sign if you would like to leave flowers close to the scene safely.”

A silent prayer vigil will be held in South Bank today (August 24) to remember the seven people who lost their lives.

St John the Evangelist Church will open its doors from 4pm until 8pm, giving people the opportunity to light a candle, say a prayer or simply sit quietly and reflect.

A fundraiser, which was created for the families of the two officers who lost their lives, has surpassed £400,000.

Tributes have been pouring in for those who lost their lives.

The family of Pc Tom Clough said: “He was our hero with a fantastic sense of humour. Jumped into action whenever needed, and willing to help anyone for any reason.

“Proudly fought for his country to make the world a better place. Always on public duty throughout his short life.

“We as a family and Tom’s partner would like to express our sincere gratitude for the overwhelming support and condolences from friends, colleagues and the wider community.”

Pc Matthew Blades’ family said: “No words will ever feel like the right words to honour our Matt — my beloved husband, my best friend, and the most devoted father to our two young boys.

“He was an adored son and brother, a perfect son-in-law, and the most fun uncle. He was loved beyond words by all his family and friends, and his loss has left a space that can never be filled.

“He gave his life in the line of duty, protecting and serving others with courage, dedication and selflessness.

“The pain of losing him is beyond words, and our lives will never be the same. Neither will the love he gave us ever fade.”

Anna Turley, MP for Redcar and Cleveland, said: “My heart goes out to every family, friend and loved one now facing the most unimaginable loss following this morning’s devastating accident on the A66.

“Cleveland Police have confirmed that seven people have sadly lost their lives. Their families and loved ones are now facing an unimaginable loss that will be felt forever.

“Two of the seven people who have lost their lives were Cleveland Police officers, on duty serving our community. They went to work to keep people safe, and they should have come home to their families. Their loss will be felt deeply by their loved ones, fellow officers and right across the communities they served.”

Prime Minister Andy Burnham said he was “devastated” to hear that two police officers and five members of the public had been killed in the crash.

He posted on X: “Devastated to hear that two police officers have lost their lives while on duty in Cleveland this morning, as well as five members of the public.

“My thoughts are with the families and loved ones of everyone involved, and with everyone at Cleveland Police.

“Thank you to the emergency services responding in incredibly difficult circumstances. I would urge people to avoid speculation at this time.”

Crime and policing minister Sarah Jones said “we ask so much of our officers”.

She said on X: “I just spoke to the Chief Constable of Cleveland Police. We ask so much of our officers.

“My thoughts are with all those who have lost their lives – and their loved ones, friends and colleagues. I can only imagine the devastation they must be feeling.

This is the moment a Ukrainian robot soldier ‘wiped out’ 20 Russian troops in an operation that allowed soldiers to engage the enemy without entering the line of fire.

Ukrainian defence technology company DevDroid said the strike was carried out by a Droid TW-12.7 unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) which was being operated by soldiers from Ukraine’s 44th Separate Mechanised Brigade.

DevDroid said the operation took place after Russian troops sought shelter inside a building at one of their positions.

Ukrainian operators reportedly remotely directed the unmanned vehicle towards the structure before deploying a 12.7mm M2 Browning heavy machine-gun.

The company claimed the position was destroyed and 20 Russian troops were killed during the engagement. 

It comes as unmanned ground systems are increasingly being used by Ukrainian forces to carry out missions without putting soldiers in harm’s way.

The tech company says the droid is a multi-purpose combat and reconnaissance platform designed to operate close to frontline positions.

It added the UGV is equipped with cameras and other systems that allow soldiers to observe the battlefield remotely. 

The drone is equipped with cameras and other systems that allow soldiers to observe the battlefield remotely

It also has a ballistic computer and AI-assisted functions intended to help identify and engage enemy targets.

The heavy machine-gun gives the droid, which is relatively small, the ability to strike persons, firing positions and unarmoured vehicles as well as some lightly armoured targets.  

It can also be deployed for information-gathering as it transmits live footage and battlefield data back to Ukrainian operations. 

The TW-12.7 is designed to travel across difficult and uneven terrain and has undergone testing in combat environments.

It comes as Ukraine is aiming to build at least 50,000 combat robots to support and replace its soldiers fighting on the frontline. 

Ukrainian officials say using unmanned weapons would help the country optimise its headcount while fighting Russia and free soldiers from dangerous tasks, Bloomberg reports.

Recently, in the east of the country near Dobropillia, the 93rd Mechanised Brigade used a robot equipped with a flamethrower to target Russian positions established on the edge of a wooded area, allowing Ukrainian troops to neutralise the remaining fighters. 

Last month, Ukraine landed a remote-controlled combat robot using an unmanned naval drone that travelled nearly seven miles to reach the shore of the occupied Kinburn Spit in southern Ukraine. 

The Wolly 7.62 ground robot carried a machine-gun loaded with ammunition that fired on Russian troop positions, forcing them to pull back from part of the coastline.  

Also last month, footage captured how Russian soldiers surrendered to a Ukrainian patrol made up entirely of robots and drones.

Video shows both FPV and kamikaze ground drones striking a Russian dugout, before troops emerge holding a handwritten sign that said ‘we want to surrender’. 

An overhead drone then guided the Russians directly to Ukrainian lines, where they were taken prisoner without resistance

In a historic first, the soldiers were taken prisoner without a single Ukrainian infantryman present – marking the world’s first successful combat capture using only unmanned aerial and ground drones.

The operation, conducted by the Third Assault Brigade on July 8 or nine in Kharkiv Oblast, allowed the Ukrainians to retake territory without their soldiers firing a single bullet.

During the assault, which lasted just 15 minutes, FPV drones first struck Russian dugouts, causing chaos among the troops.

Moments later, unmanned ground vehicles loaded with powerful explosives moved toward the already battered fortification.

As the first drone – reportedly carrying an anti-tank mine – detonated, the Russian soldiers realised the imminent danger and created a cardboard sign to signal their surrender before a second drone could strike.

Ukraine, which has a fraction of Russia’s population and a much smaller economy, has had little choice but to try and use new technologies to tackle its opponent, with Kyiv’s new commander-in-chief, Mykhailo Drapatyi, backing the massive integration of robotics on the front lines.

Love Island newlyweds Molly Smith and Tom Clare‘s post-wedding meal ended in chaos as police were called during day two of their rowdy festivities.

The couple, aged 32 and 26 respectively, became the latest couple from Love Island to get married, in a lavish ceremony in Majorca over the weekend, two years after winning the 2024 All-stars version of the reality series. 

After their vows on Saturday, the party continued in wild style with a slew of friends, family and co-stars gathering at the Suculenta Port de Sóller restaurant, where local yacht crew at the harbour reportedly grew irritated at the party.

As the party carried on in wild style, booze was flowing and guests were seen jumping into the sea, which is banned, meaning reinforcements were brought in as the Guardia Civil were summoned to speak to the revellers and cool the situation. 

At the forefront was best man Casey O’Gorman who wore a minute pair of swimming trunks and white sunglasses, while talking to law enforcement with a broad grin in place alongside the groom, before carrying on the party. 

The couple, aged 32 and 26 respectively, became the latest couple from Love Island to get married, in a lavish ceremony in Majorca over the weekend and on Sunday they threw themselves into the party (Molly pictured) 

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They became the latest couple to tie the knot two years after meeting on the show  

Seemingly unfazed by the situation, Casey pulled a series of hilarious faces 

The wedding party – including the bride and groom – were seen throwing themselves into the water, while a number of snaps showed the guests swigging drinks.   

Love Islander Mitch Taylor and his model girlfriend Hayley Griffin were also in attendance, as were Sophie Piper and her partner Joshua Ritchie – who all looked dressed to impress.

Sources told The Sun: ‘Molly and Tom’s guests were having a great time, people were downing beer and Casey was keeping everyone in the party mood… 

‘At one point Casey decided to jump into the port next to the restaurant which is forbidden. The police arrived to give him a telling off and told him where he was allowed to swim.’

It comes after, earlier this weekend, Casey revealed he nearly missed his flight to the wedding in Majorca after EasyJet overbooked it and he was initially denied entry. 

Speaking to the Daily Mail, Molly and Tom admitted they’d had a few ‘wobbles’ while dealing with last-minute preparations for their big day.

For many brides the police being called to their wedding would be a worst nightmare, however Molly seemed extremely tickled by the drama 

Casey appeared amused by the situation as he leered at law enforcement 

The swanky restaurant was overrun by the wedding party

The Guardia Civil pulled up at the marina where they had jumped in

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The pair also shared how their legal wedding concluded with dinner at The Ivy, which ended with guests ‘dancing on tables’, while Casey ended up ‘in a heap on the floor’.

Molly said: ‘It’s got to the stressful part, just because we’re weeks out and only because it’s invoices being sent and all the last bits that you start to panic about and then you start getting people asking you questions, like texting you.

‘So then it starts to get a little bit stressful in that sense. So I have had a little wobble.’

Tom added: ‘We just want it all to be perfect, but like you said, there’s just like little bits, people asking silly questions.

Mitch and Tom matched in their swimwear which they sported before the drama 

A sign outside the venue read: ‘Officially Mr and Mrs Clare. Here’s forever’

‘It’s not too bad, but just because we want it to go so well and we’ve put time and effort into it. I think we’re just about there. You’ve had a few little meltdowns.’

Agreeing with her partner, Molly said: ‘Tom’s so chilled. Normally, you’re super, super-chilled, but Tom stress cleans, so I know when you’re stressed because you’ll go upstairs and start hoovering or something like that!’

Luckily, the couple were in good stead for the big day itself as their legal ceremony was a ‘really special and intimate’ occasion.

Tom was showing off his buff body before launching himself into the water 

Their co-star Mitch Taylor wore the same shorts as Tom

Casey swapped out his tiny lemon print Speedos in favour of black shorts 

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Molly was hugging a member of the wedding party

They have spoken openly about the wedding planning process with their followers, but shared they wanted to keep details about their UK-based day under wraps.

After they tied the knot, Molly and Tom shared that they headed to The Ivy for a celebratory dinner with close friends and family, but things ended up being more raucous than they expected.

Molly shared: ‘It started like so calm and classic. And then by the end of it, Casey was in a heap on the floor. We were on the tables dancing. Everyone just went to the Ivy and we just had a private room.’

Tom added: ‘As soon as the door shut, everyone just seemed to go mental!’

The organisers of Nigel Farage’s Clacton by-election victory rally – dubbed “Farage Fest” – are being investigated for failing to get permission to hold it in time

The organisers of Nigel Farage’s Clacton by-election victory rally – dubbed “Farage Fest” – are being investigated for failing to get permission to hold it.

The Reform UK leader faced criticism after he failed to show up for the result of the £250,000 contest he triggered earlier this month.

Instead he appeared in the early hours of the morning in the Essex countryside several miles from the count at a “Farage fest”, which boasted alcohol, ferris wheel, DJs and several fire pits. GB News was the only media outlet present.

Mr Farage called the event “Clactonbury” when he spoke to cheering fans from the stage. Fans had to pay to enter the event, but could camp and park for free.

Tendring District Council confirmed it had refused to grant a Late Temporary Event Notice (LTEN) as the application had not been made within the legal timescale required.

Mr Farage was re-elected as Clacton’s MP – after resigning from the role at the start of July – during the by-election earlier this month. All the other major political parties boycotted the race, branding it a “gimmick” and a “stunt” to try to distract from questions about a £5million gift Mr Farage received shortly before the 2024 general election. Mr Farage’s main rival was parody candidate Count Binface.

A Commons probe into the £5m gift Mr Farage received was suspended when he resigned as an MP. It was restarted when he was re-elected.

Lisa Hastings, Corporate Director for Law and Governance at Tendring District Council, said: “We can confirm that a Late Temporary Event Notice (Late TEN) was submitted in relation to an event on Thursday, 13 August, at Great Oakley Airfield.

“This notice was refused, and a counter-notice served, as it was not submitted within the statutory timescales required under the Licensing Act 2003. No authorisation was therefore granted under a Late Temporary Event Notice for the event.

“As the matter may now involve potential enforcement considerations, Tendring District Council is unable to comment further on any ongoing or potential investigations by Licensing or other council departments; nor provide any further details about the Late TEN submission.”

Reform UK spokesman: “Reform UK are confident that no rules were broken and the event was conducted in accordance with the law.”

Earlier today, Richard Tice earlier denied that Mr Farage is “hiding” despite him failing to make a public appearance since the Clacton by-election. Reform UK’s deputy leader said his boss is on “good form” and will be “plenty” out at the party’s annual conference in Birmingham next week.

Mr Tice said: “Nigel, I think, is 62. I’m not sure he’s ever been in hiding. He’s always on good form, and you’ll see plenty of him if you come to party conference. But I do just repeat the point we are a board team with a range of expertise, as you’re hearing about today. And Nigel specifically gave us these tasks. Myself, spokesman for business, trade, energy, including housing, so that we get stuck into some detail.”

Asked if Mr Farage had been interviewed by the Standards Commissioner, Mr Tice added: “But with regard to the Standards Commissioner, you know we’re getting to know him for a variety of reasons. That’s the nature of it. With regard to timing on that, that’s between Nigel and the Commissioners There are, of course, quite strict rules around we can say.”

Conn Kilpatrick has married his long-time partner Michaela Diamond in a glamorous wedding in the Algarve

Tyrone footballer Conn Kilpatrick has shared stunning photos from his wedding to his long-term partner earlier this month.

The Red Hand midfielder exchanged vows with Michaela Diamond in the Algarve, surrounded by loved ones and close friends.

The couple had been together for eight years before tying the knot – and by all accounts it was a great occasion.

Diamond, from Co Derry, told Evoke.ie: “It was always going to be Portugal for us; my family have a home here, so we have been coming for over 13 years.

“It was me and Conn’s first holiday together. We love the people, food, culture, and we have had so many special memories here.”

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Kilpatrick enjoyed a superb campaign with his county this season, putting in impressive performances in midfield as Tyrone progressed to the All-Ireland quarter-finals.

Their summer ended in defeat to Kerry at the last-eight stage, but it was one of the standout matches of the Championship, with Kilpatrick central to a gallant Tyrone display. And many pundits are backing Kilpatrick to claim his first All-Star award this year.

The Edendork clubman lifted the All-Ireland title in his debut senior season in 2021. However, his journey to becoming one of the country’s finest midfielders has not been without its challenges, with the Tyrone man having previously spoken candidly about how a gambling addiction affected his early adult life.

Kilpatrick accumulated debts of “£15,000-£20,000 in debt” by his 21st birthday, and while he managed to stay away from gambling for 18 months, he ultimately fell back into old habits.

During an appearance on The GAA Social, Kilpatrick recalled: “The lowest point was getting caught again, it was the friends that heard the first time and they rang my dad again.”

He explained: “My mother wasn’t in the house at the time and I begged him not to tell her, that me and him could do this, but he couldn’t keep that from her.”

Describing his parents’ reaction, he said: “Seeing the hurt again was the main thing when they thought everything wasn’t that bad. My dad was just like ‘how could you let this happen again, how could you put us through this again?’.”

Reflecting on the impact, Kilpatrick admitted: “I was just thinking everyone is going to see my mum and dad and think, ‘their son is the gambling addict’, which hurt as it was nothing to do with them, they didn’t lead me down that path. I brought shame onto the family and that was the thing that I was most wary of.”

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James, was last seen via video message on Friday, August 21, 2026, at around 10.45am.

His last location is unknown, but he has connections to the Hindley area.

James, 29, from Wigan (Image: GMP)

James is described as a white male, about 5ft 10in, stocky, with short light brown hair and a short ginger beard.

He is believed to be wearing a red top and a black jacket.

Anyone with information should contact Greater Manchester Police on 0161 856 7145, quoting MSP/06LL/0001826/26.

Plans have been submitted to Bolton Council to convert The Royal Hotel, at the junction of Vernon Street and Davenport Street, following its closure in March this year.

The two-storey pub opened for the final time on Sunday, March 22, after its operator announced the venue was to close and be sold.

Now, a planning application is seeking permission to turn the prominent building into accommodation for 12 people.

For more public notices visit our public notice page

Documents submitted today (August 24) with the application show the plans would create six en-suite bedrooms on the ground floor and a further six en-suite bedrooms upstairs.

Shared kitchen and living facilities would also be provided, while the existing car park at the rear would be used for amenity space, parking, secure cycle storage and waste storage.

The site of the former Royal Hotel

The planning statement describes the former pub as a prominent feature of the street scene and says it is “most likely known as a local landmark”.

Under the proposals, there would be no significant changes to the exterior of the building, with its existing doors, windows and distinctive architectural features retained.

Pub advertising would be removed, but the words “The Royal Hotel” on the stone parapet would remain.

The application argues that finding a new use for the building would help secure its future.

The planning statement says: “Due to a downturn in the general pub trade over the past years it is unlikely that the building will be secured again for long-term use as a public house and as such it is reasonable that an alternative use be found.”

A crime impact assessment produced by Greater Manchester Police’s Design for Security team has also been submitted as part of the application.

It confirms the proposed change of use to a 12-bedroom HMO and says the currently vacant building could otherwise give rise to problems including fly-tipping, criminal damage, loitering and drug or alcohol misuse.

However, the assessment identified a number of security measures which would need to be addressed for Design for Security to support the scheme.

These include measures to protect the privacy and security of ground-floor bedroom windows next to the pavement, burglary-resistant doors and windows, secure post arrangements and an audio-video entry system.

A separate noise assessment was commissioned to examine whether the building would be suitable for residential use.

It found road traffic on Vernon Street and the surrounding road network was the dominant source of noise.

The assessment concluded that required indoor noise levels could only be achieved with windows closed and an alternative means of ventilation.

It said alternative measures, such as mechanical or hybrid ventilation, may therefore be needed if overheating occurs.

Despite this, the acoustic consultants concluded that noise “should not be a limiting factor” in the planning application.

The Royal Hotel had been operated under Admiral Taverns’ Proper Pubs division before its closure.

When the closure was announced, the company said it had taken the decision to sell after concluding the pub did not have a viable long-term future.

The pub held a farewell party before its closure.

The planning application will now be considered by Bolton Council.

Share your memories of the pub in the comments.

The Geneva conventions, which were signed in August 1949 in the aftermath of the horrors of the second world war, are generally accepted as the gold standard of international humanitarian law. They set the rules for the treatment of both combatants and civilians during wartime. But they were preceded by more than 12 centuries by a law drawn up by a monk amid the violence of seventh-century Ireland.

Adomnán, the Abbott of Iona, the great Columban island monastery off the western Scottish coast, was a man of many talents. Noted for his biography of St Columba, he was a scholar, teacher, mentor, poet, calendarist and negotiator. He was also known for his efforts to obtain legal guarantees from Pictish, British and Irish kings granting protection from violence to women, children, clerics and others, especially in wartime.

Conflict was commonplace in early medieval Britain and Ireland, we know that much from contemporary written sources, such as the Annals of Tigernach, Bede’s Ecclesiastical History of England and the Chronicon Scotorum. Civilian populations routinely ended up on the receiving end of military violence.

Adomnán knew only too well the effects of war trauma on non-combatants. He and his mother Ronnat had once encountered the horrific sight of a battlefield strewn with the mutilated corpses of mothers and babies. It was actually Ronnat who urged her son to do something about the murder of innocents in war.

While on a diplomatic mission in the northern British kingdom of Northumbria, Adomnán convinced its king, Aldfrifth, to release civilian prisoners of war into his care. Adomnán no doubt heard their survivor testimony as he accompanied them back to Ireland. Experiences like these led Adomnán to try to effect a change in attitudes among the powerful towards the defenceless and the innocent – not just during war but across society in general.

Lex Innocentium

And so, in AD 697, at a church synod in Birr, Co. Offaly, Ireland, Adomnán campaigned successfully for his vision of protection for civilians to be accepted. Called the Lex Innocentium (Law of the Innocents), it became known as Adomnán’s Law, or Cáin Adomnáin. According to surviving texts, the Lex Innocentium received the backing of approximately 91 Irish, Pictish and northern British kings, bishops, abbots and other senior figures. All present were required to swear oaths that they would uphold the law.

The Lex Innocentium is preserved in two manuscripts, a 15th-century copy held at Oxford’s Bodleian library and a 17-century version kept in the Bibliothéque Royale in Brussels. Biographical material had been added to the original text by the 11th century, but the guarantors list and legal stipulations themselves are accepted as authentic.

Among its rulings, the Lex Innocentium decrees a range of penalties for anyone found guilty of violence against women, children or clerics. Mostly, these penalties are fines of varying amounts, depending on the type of violence involved, but execution, bodily mutilation and forced penance in a monastery are also given as options.

Not everyone accepted Adomnán’s proposal. A group of Irish kings threatened to kill him rather than cede anything resembling freedom to women. The Ireland of Adomnán’s day was deeply patriarchal and organised by rank, status and wealth. The legal system was biased in men’s favour, mainly men of means.

Although women had some agency in situations such as marriage and divorce, their legal rights were very much restricted.

Adomnán is likely to have anticipated opposition to his Lex Innocentium but he dealt with dissenters quickly by cursing them and their families with divine retribution. This might seem strange to the modern mind, but the medieval world was rife with superstition, something Adomnán understood he could use against his adversaries.

Speaking truth to power

He was also unafraid to speak truth to power and it helped that King Aldfrifth of Northumria had once been Adomnán’s student, as had other kings. With friends like this, small wonder Adomnán had the confidence and poise to move amongst elite circles, seeking to form a coalition of the willing.

It is unclear how exactly the Lex Innocentium was enforced or even for how long it was observed. It was renewed at least once after Adomnán’s death and it was mentioned appreciatively in later sources. But no actual legal proceedings associated with it survived.

It may well be that the Adomnán’s Law represented an ideal that was never truly attainable, at least not at the time in which it was drafted. What does stand out from the story of the Lex Innocentium is Adomnán’s remarkable feat in getting buy-in for his proposal from so many prominent people.

Adomnán’s Law has sometimes been described as an medieval Irish forerunner to the Geneva conventions, a comparison that has been dismissed as wishful thinking. Yet what are the conventions if not a series of initiatives born in response to a time of darkness – a collection of efforts by conscientious individuals determined to make conditions that little bit better for human beings trapped in conflict.

If anything, the Lex Innocentium offers us a lesson in the impermanence of progress if it is not sustained and respected. That, perhaps, is the true legacy of Adomnán’s Law.