An anonymous reader shared this report from the Associated Press:
The 1986 Chernobyl disaster fueled global fears about nuclear power and slowed its development in Europe and elsewhere. Four decades later, however, there’s a revival around the world, a trend that has been given a big boost by war in the Middle East. Over 400 nuclear reactors are operational in 31 countries, while about 70 more are under construction. Nuclear power accounts for producing about 10% of the world’s electricity, equivalent to about a quarter of all sources of low-carbon power.
Nuclear reactors have seen steady improvements, adding more safety features and making them cheaper to build and operate. While Chernobyl and the 2011 Fukushima nuclear disaster in Japan diminished the appetite for such power sources, it was clear years ago that there probably would be a revival, said Fatih Birol, executive director of the International Energy Agency. With the war in the Middle East, “I am 100% sure nuclear is coming back,” he added…
The United States is the world’s largest producer of nuclear power, with 94 operational reactors accounting for about 30% of global generation of nuclear electricity. And it is increasing efforts to develop nuclear energy capacity with a goal to quadruple it by 2050… China operates 61 nuclear reactors and is leading the world in building new units, with nearly 40 under construction with a goal to surpass the U.S. and become the global leader in nuclear capacity. European Commission chief Ursula von der Leyen has acknowledged that it was Europe’s “strategic mistake” to cut nuclear energy and outlined new initiatives to encourage building power plants. [In 1990, nuclear energy accounted for roughly a third of Europe’s electricity, the article points out, but it’s now only about 15%.] Russia, meanwhile, has taken a strong lead in exporting its nuclear know-how, building 20 reactors worldwide…
Japan has restarted 15 reactors after reviewing the lessons of the earthquake and tsunami that damaged the Fukushima plant, and 10 more are in the process of getting approval to restart. South Africa has the only nuclear power plant on the African continent, although Russia is building one in Egypt, and several other African nations are exploring the technology… With 57 reactors at 19 plants, France relies on nuclear power for nearly 70% of its electricity. The article includes an interactive graphic that shows the growth in the world’s nuclear capacity slowing down soon after the 1986 Chernobyl meltdown — with that capacity broken down by country. But it’s still increased by roughly 50%.
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Even Ukraine — the site of the accident — now “still relies heavily on nuclear plants to generate about half of its electricity,” the article points out. But Germany “switched off its last three nuclear reactors in 2023.”
Honor has unveiled its mid-range 600 series in Malaysia, and we’re keen to see how the specs measure up to its competitors ahead of its UK launch.
We’ve compared the Honor 600’s specs to the four-star Google Pixel 10a, and highlighted the key differences between the two handsets below.
We’ll be sure to update this versus once we review the Honor 600. In the meantime, visit our list of the best Android phones and best mid-range phones to find your next investment.
Price and Availability
At the time of writing, the Honor 600 and Honor 600 Pro are only available to buy in Malaysia. While they will eventually launch in the UK and Europe, Honor is yet to reveal the RRP for the series.
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Having launched earlier this year, the Pixel 10a is available to buy now and has a starting RRP of £499/$499.
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Snapdragon 7 Gen 4 vs Tensor G4
Powering the Honor 600 is Qualcomm’s Snapdragon 7 Gen 4 chip, the same processor that’s behind the Nothing Phone 4a Pro. We found that the Phone 4a Pro was able to handle everyday, casual use-cases with enough speed and responsiveness for most users, while less-demanding games can be played reliably too. With this in mind, we’d expect a similar performance with the Honor 600, though we’ll have to wait until we get our hands on the phone to confirm this.
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Honor 600. Image Credit (Honor)
However, it’s worth noting that the Snapdragon 7 Gen 4 is a mid-range chip and can’t compete with the likes of Snapdragon 8 Elite Gen 5. In addition, during its benchmark tests the Nothing Phone 4a Pro couldn’t quite reach the results of the Pixel 10a.
Speaking of which, the Pixel 10a runs on Google’s 2025 Tensor G4 chip – the same as the Pixel 9a and rest of the 2025 Pixel 9 series. While it’s a shame Google didn’t fit its budget-friendly handset with the newer Tensor G5 processor, G4 is still perfectly capable and can handle just about anything you can throw at it with ease.
Google Pixel 10a. Image Credit (Trusted Reviews)
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While Tensor G4 doesn’t quite measure up to Qualcomm’s 2025 flagship, Snapdragon 8 Elite, it’s still fast and smooth in everyday use and can handle basic gaming too.
Honor 600’s bezel are more narrow
One of our biggest issues with the Pixel 10a’s design is its thick bezel. Sure, they’re slimmer than the ridiculously large Pixel 9a’s, but overall the bezel makes the handset look more dated than many of the best Android phones.
With this in mind, Honor’s promise that the 600 series boasts the “narrowest black bezel on the market” all the more impressive. At just 0.98mm, the Honor 600’s bezel is near-on invisible and should help the handset feel more premium as a result.
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Honor 600 bezel. Image Credit (Honor)
Honor 600 has a larger battery and supports faster charging
Unsurprisingly, the Honor 600 is equipped with a significantly larger battery and faster charging compared to the Pixel 10a. While the Pixel 10a’s cell is pretty average at 5100mAh – and larger than the premium Samsung Galaxy S26 Ultra – the Honor 600’s battery is 7000mAh instead. Even so, it’s worth noting that we found the Pixel 10a’s battery life to be solid, and saw us comfortably through a day’s use before conking out.
Fast charging on Pixel 10a. Image Credit (Trusted Reviews)
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Honor promises that the 600 should also offer a full-day of battery life alongside five years battery health protection too.
When it does come time to recharge, the Pixel 10a supports 45W wired and 10W wireless speeds whereas the Honor 600 boasts support for 80W wired speeds. While Honor has disclosed that the 600 can support 27W reverse charging, its exact wireless speeds are still at large.
Honor 600 has a 200MP main camera
Both handsets are equipped with two rear lenses: a main and an ultrawide. However, the Honor 600 sports a whopping 200MP main lens while the Pixel 10a is fitted with a 48MP main instead.
Although the difference may seem pretty hefty, we should note that the Pixel 10a is a brilliant camera phone, especially when you consider its price tag. We found that pictures are detailed with true-to-life colours, while the lenses can handle even complex lighting conditions with ease.
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Captured on Pixel 10a. Image Credit (Trusted Reviews)
In comparison, Honor promises the main lens offers an “industry-leading” low-light performance, true-to-life authentic colour reproduction and AI enhanced night photography too. However, as we’re yet to review the Honor 600, we’ll have to wait and see how its camera fares.
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Perhaps one of the key reasons to opt for a Pixel phone is its plethora of AI-powered features. Alongside the likes of Circle to Search, Live Translate and Call Assist, there’s built-in Gemini and Google’s Photo Editing tools too.
While the Honor 600 isn’t quite as equipped, that’s not to say there aren’t AI tools to play around with – including Gemini. In fact, one of Honor’s headline features is AI Image to Video 2.0 which allows users to turn up to three images and prompts into a video.
Early Verdict
It’s difficult to give even an early verdict as we don’t know how much the Honor 600 will cost in the UK. However, with a 200MP main lens, a near-invisible bezel and mighty battery, the Honor 600 is undoubtedly a promising Android phone.
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On the other hand, the Pixel 10a is one of the best mid-range phones you can get your hands on, thanks to its solid and reliable camera set-up, all-day battery life and plethora of AI tools.
We’ll be sure to update this versus once we review the Honor 600.
The Shiller CAPE ratio stands at 38-40, the second-highest in 155 years behind only the dot-com peak of 44.19, and S&P 500 top-10 concentration exceeds dot-com levels by nearly 50%. But AI companies are massively profitable unlike their dot-com predecessors, with Nvidia alone earning $120 billion in net income and the tech sector trading at 30x forward earnings versus 50x at the 2000 peak. The resolution depends on whether $660-690 billion in annual hyperscaler capex generates returns that justify the investment, a question that cannot be answered until the infrastructure cycle produces results.
The Shiller cyclically adjusted price-to-earnings ratio for the S&P 500 stands at approximately 38 to 40, depending on the day you check. In 155 years of recorded data, the CAPE has been higher exactly once: March 2000, when it reached 44.19, one month before the Nasdaq began a decline that would erase 78% of its value over the following two and a half years. The ten largest companies in the S&P 500 now account for 36% to 40% of the index’s total market capitalisation, nearly 50% above the dot-com peak concentration of roughly 27%. Deutsche Bank’s latest fund manager survey found that 57% of institutional investors now identify an AI valuation crash as the single greatest risk to markets. Jeremy Grantham, the co-founder of GMO who correctly called the dot-com and housing bubbles, has said there is “slim to none” chance the current AI rally does not end in a bust. These are the numbers that make the comparison to 2000 feel inevitable. They are also, by themselves, incomplete.
The case for alarm
The structural parallels between the current AI equity rally and the dot-com bubble are not superficial. They are mechanical. Market concentration has exceeded dot-com levels by a wide margin. The Nasdaq-100’s performance is dominated by a handful of companies whose valuations are predicated on AI revenue growth that has not yet fully materialised at the scale the market is pricing. Hyperscaler capital expenditure, the combined infrastructure spending of Microsoft, Google, Amazon, and Meta, is approaching $660 billion to $690 billion in 2026, a figure that represents the largest corporate investment programme in history outside of wartime mobilisation. That spending is being funded, in part, by converting human labour into AI infrastructure:Meta and Microsoft collectively cut up to 23,000 jobswhile simultaneously committing to record capital expenditure, a direct transfer from payroll to data centre construction.
Bank of America’s Savita Subramanian has set a year-end S&P 500 target of 7,100, with a bear case of 5,500, and expects multiple compression as earnings growth slows in the second half of 2026. The Motley Fool identified four factors it associates with bubble conditions: retail investor euphoria, speculative capital concentration, decoupling of valuations from fundamentals, and a narrative so compelling that scepticism feels intellectually disreputable. All four are present.OpenAI’s $852 billion valuationprices a company that has never earned a profit at roughly double the market capitalisation of Coca-Cola, a company that has earned profits continuously since the 1890s.Accel’s $5 billion AI-focused fund, the largest in venture capital history, exemplifies the capital flooding into AI at the private market level. The public and private markets are reinforcing each other: venture-backed AI companies raise at extraordinary valuations, public AI companies spend at extraordinary rates to stay ahead of them, and the cycle pushes both valuations and capital expenditure higher.
The most important difference between 2000 and 2026 is profitability. At the dot-com peak, the technology companies driving the market were, in aggregate, destroying capital. Cisco traded at 200 times earnings. Pets.com had no earnings. The entire thesis rested on future revenue from an internet economy that, while real, was years from generating the cash flows the market was discounting. In 2026, the companies driving the AI rally are among the most profitable in corporate history. Nvidia reported net income exceeding $120 billion for fiscal 2026. Its forward price-to-earnings ratio is approximately 41, elevated but not in the same postcode as Cisco at 200. The technology sector’s aggregate forward P/E is roughly 30, compared with 50 at the dot-com peak. Apple, Microsoft, Alphabet, Amazon, and Meta generated a combined $350 billion in free cash flow in their most recent fiscal years. These are not speculative enterprises burning venture capital. They are cash-generating machines that have chosen to reinvest at historically unusual rates.
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Capital Economics analyst John Higgins has made the most nuanced version of this argument. He distinguishes between a “stock bubble” and a “fundamental bubble.” The stock bubble, in his analysis, may already be deflating: the Nasdaq-100 corrected more than 10% from its February 2026 highs before recovering on trade deal optimism and strong earnings. But the fundamental bubble, the one built on actual earnings growth, is still expanding. Nasdaq-100 earnings grew 19% year over year in the most recent quarter. As long as AI-related revenue continues growing at that pace, the earnings justify elevated multiples. The bubble pops not when P/E ratios are high, but when the “E” stops growing. JPMorgan has suggested the S&P 500 could reach 8,000 if earnings momentum continues. Goldman Sachs sees a multi-year AI “supercycle.” The bull case is not that valuations are reasonable. It is that earnings growth will make today’s prices look reasonable in retrospect, the same argument that was wrong about Cisco in 2000 and right about Amazon.
The capex question
The variable that will determine which analogy holds is capital expenditure returns. Hyperscalers are spending $660 billion to $690 billion this year building AI infrastructure.Meta’s $27 billion deal with Nebiusfor AI cloud capacity is one transaction among dozens, each individually larger than most companies’ entire capital budgets. The question is not whether this infrastructure will be used. It almost certainly will. The question is whether it will generate returns that justify the investment at the price paid. The fibre-optic cables laid in 1999 carry today’s internet. The companies that laid them went bankrupt. The technology was correct. The financial model was not.
There are structural reasons to believe the AI capex cycle is better supported than the fibre-optic buildout. Cloud computing operates on a consumption model where customers pay for usage, providing revenue visibility that speculative fibre networks lacked. The hyperscalers building the infrastructure are also the primary consumers of it, reducing the demand uncertainty that destroyed independent fibre companies. Oracle’s $553 billion in remaining performance obligations, Microsoft’s Azure backlog, and Amazon’s AWS contract pipeline all represent committed future revenue. But committed revenue is not collected revenue, and the concentration of AI demand in a small number of large model developers and enterprise customers creates fragility. If OpenAI, the anchor tenant of Oracle’s Stargate project, were to experience financial difficulty, the ripple effect through the infrastructure financing chain would be severe. If enterprise AI adoption plateaus at the “copilot” stage without progressing to the autonomous agent workflows that justify the next order of magnitude in compute spending, the return on $660 billion in annual capex would fall below the cost of capital.
The verdict the market cannot reach
Both sides of the debate are correct, which is what makes the current moment so difficult to navigate. The bears are right that market concentration, CAPE ratios, and speculative euphoria have reached or exceeded dot-com levels. The bulls are right that the underlying companies are profitable in ways their dot-com predecessors were not. The resolution depends on a variable that neither side can observe directly: the long-term return on the hundreds of billions being invested in AI infrastructure this year. If those returns materialise, the current valuations will be seen as fair prices paid early for a genuine technological transformation. If they do not, the CAPE chart will add a second peak to match the one from March 2000, and the comparisons that feel alarmist today will feel prescient.
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The Federal Reserve’s benchmark rate sits at 3.50% to 3.75%, providing less of a cushion than the near-zero rates that inflated asset prices between 2020 and 2022 but not the restrictive rates that typically trigger corrections. Section 122 tariffs of 10% to 15% on a range of imports expire on July 24, 2026, and their renewal or escalation will affect corporate earnings forecasts and consumer spending.The trajectory that brought technology markets to this point, a year of accelerating AI investment, record venture funding, and corporate restructuring around artificial intelligence, has created conditions that resemble a late-stage expansion more than an early-stage bubble. Late-stage expansions can last longer than sceptics expect. They also end more abruptly than optimists imagine. The honest answer to whether AI stocks are in a bubble is that the question cannot be answered until the capex cycle produces results, and the capex cycle has barely begun. Grantham is betting it ends badly. Goldman is betting it does not. The market is pricing in both possibilities simultaneously, which is why it has been volatile in both directions, and will remain so until the revenue either arrives or does not.
Smartphones like the Oppo Find X9 Ultra prove that a slightly thicker phone isn’t a flaw – it’s the reason it’s actually good.
For the better part of a decade, the smartphone industry has been chasing thinness like it’s the ultimate sign of progress. Every launch cycle brings another round of applause for shaving off a fraction of a millimetre, as if that alone makes a phone better.
But the truth is, thin phones aren’t improving the experience any more. In many cases, like with the Samsung Galaxy S25 Edge and iPhone Air, they’re making it worse.
After spending the past few weeks using the Oppo Find X9 Ultra – a phone that is unapologetically thick, weighty and, by modern standards, a bit of a brick – it’s not hard to question why we’re still pretending thinness is the goal.
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The trade-off we keep ignoring
At 9.1mm thick and 236g, the Find X9 Ultra is not trying to win any design awards for slimness. Put it next to something like an iPhone Air and it feels noticeably chunkier. But that extra bulk isn’t wasted space – it’s there for a very good reason.
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Image Credit (Trusted Reviews)
It’s the reason why the phone packs a 7050mAh battery that comfortably sails through a full day – and then some – without anxiety. It’s the reason there’s room for a genuinely versatile camera system, with large sensors across multiple focal lengths instead of one standout lens and a couple of token extras.
It’s even part of why the device feels more durable in the hand, especially with materials that prioritise grip over gloss.
In other words, the thickness is the feature.
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Thinness for whose benefit?
The push for ever-slimmer phones made sense once upon a time. Early smartphones were bulky, awkward and pretty uncomfortable to use over longer periods of time. But we crossed that threshold years ago. Today’s ‘thick’ phone would have been considered impressively slim not all that long ago.
So, what is this all for?
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iPhone Air – side by side with S25 Edge Image Credit (Trusted Reviews)
It’s certainly not for battery life, that’s for sure, with ultra-thin phones struggling to last all day with even light use. Users, whether commuting, travelling, or just dealing with patchy signal in rural areas, benefit far more from endurance than from shaving off another 0.8mm.
It’s not for camera performance either, where as much as manufacturers hate to admit it, physics still play a massive role. Bigger sensors and better optics need space, and there’s nothing you can do to change that fact.
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The reality is that thinness has become a bit of a technical flex for companies, and something they can tout on a spec sheet, rather than actually being useful for consumers.
The illusion of premium
There’s also a perception problem here. Thin phones are often marketed as more premium, as if engineering restraint is superior to capability – but that idea is starting to feel outdated.
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What actually feels premium in 2026 isn’t how thin a phone is, it’s how little you have to think about it. It’s about not worrying about your battery before heading out for the day, or second-guessing whether the zoom lens will hold up.
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Image Credit (Trusted Reviews)
And, by that logic, slightly thicker phones like that Find X9 Ultra that solve these problems are far more premium than wafer-thin phones that introduce them.
A shift that needs to happen
The Oppo Find X9 Ultra isn’t perfect; it’s big, it’s heavy, and yes, some people will prefer something lighter and thinner. But it makes a compelling argument that we’ve been optimising for the wrong thing.
Instead of asking “how thin can we make this?”, manufacturers should be asking “what do we gain if we stop trying?” Because right now, the answer is quite a lot; better battery life, better cameras, better durability and, ultimately, a better all-round experience.
Thin phones aren’t inherently bad – I really enjoyed using the S25 Edge – but the industry’s obsession with them is. And if devices like the Find X9 Ultra are anything to go by, it might finally be time to move on.
As unloved as IBM’s PCjr was, with only a one-year production run, it’s hard to complain about the documentation available for it. This includes the x86 assembly listing for the BIOS, which [dbalsom] recently used this print version to create an ASM project that can be built into a byte-identical copy of the PCjr BIOS.
In order to build the BIOS image, a ZIP file has been made available that contains the requisite assembler and linker tools, all of which can be run in DOS (or DOSBox) using the provided build.bat file. This creates an executable file, which can then be converted into a BIN file using the provided exe2bin.py Python script, or of course, manually.
This image cannot be used as-is, as the PCjr has its BIOS split across two 32 kB ROMs, so splitting them is required if you intend to burn fresh ROMs. Of note is that the BIOS code is still copyrighted by IBM, so do not take this as some kind of open sourcing, unless you wish to test IBM’s legal take on 1980s BIOS code for a generally unloved system.
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With an estimated 240,000 – 275,000 PCjrs sold by January 1985 and reports of hundreds of thousands of unsold PCjrs languishing in warehouses by the end. It’s hard to say how many PCjrs have survived to today, but it’s good to see that keeping this glimpse of a budget, not-quite-IBM-PC-compatible legacy alive has become a little easier again.
Heading image: IBM PCjr internals. (Credit: Binarysequence, Wikimedia)
Intelligence operatives have used some innovative techniques to snoop on information without ever having to step foot inside a target building. A simple approach that involves lasers has been around for eons, and transforms a standard window into a makeshift bug.
The Soviets got onto this kind of thing way back in the 1940s. They dubbed it Buran, and it basically shined an invisible infrared beam onto embassy windows in Moscow, detecting minuscule movements made by voices within. American agencies then took up on this idea and refined it using actual lasers, which produced far crisper results and had a much longer range.
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A laser microphone works by converting sound to light and then bouncing it back, causing the very small area it strikes to vibrate. These minuscule movements are invisible, but they exist and are very little, only a fraction of the thickness of a sheet of paper. These vibrations then alter the distance the beam needs to travel on its return voyage. A person with a receiver nearby collects the reflected light and transmits it via an optical system that converts changes in path length into brightness fluctuations. The variations are then converted into an electrical signal that corresponds to the original audio you heard.
Typically, you’d set everything up from the luxury of a parked automobile or an office building nearby. You’d aim the beam in at an angle so that the reflection landed perfectly on the sensor. The infrared versions are undetectable to anyone gazing out the window, but by carefully filtering out noise from traffic and wind, you may get a rather clear picture.
If DIY projects are your thing, you can actually create a working version using parts that can be purchased online. One recent project used a basic red laser pointer, a photodiode to catch the returning light, and a small amplifier circuit wired to a computer It took some care to get the alignment just right, but once he did, the reflection was slightly off center on the sensor for the greatest results. When music was played inside a sealed test box, the recovered audio came through loud and clear, despite some static in the background caused by equipment vibration.
Governments, on the other hand, just achieve a much clearer sound by stabilizing the beam and employing some quite clever signal processing. Sometimes the places they’re seeking to listen in on will try to outsmart them by hanging thick curtains or installing little motors that provide random vibrations to drown out the real voice. Nonetheless, this method leaves no wires or bugs behind and completes the task from a safe distance. [Source]
Snabbit, an Indian instant house-help startup, is close to raising fresh funding at a valuation of around $400 million in a round led by Susquehanna Venture Capital, TechCrunch has learned.
The Bengaluru-based startup is in talks to raise around $50 million in the round, according to three people with knowledge of the deal. One of the people added that the round could be around $55 million or higher, as strong investor demand may prompt the company to raise more than initially planned.
The round is expected to include participation from Mirae Asset, FJ Labs, and existing investors including Lightspeed Venture Partners and Bertelsmann India Investments, the people told TechCrunch. It would mark a significant jump from the $180 million valuation at which Snabbit raised $30 million in October 2025. The deal could be announced as early as next week.
Founded in 2024, Snabbit connects households with on-demand domestic help for cleaning, dishwashing, laundry, and other chores, offering quick turnaround times through a managed network of workers. Before this round, the startup had raised $55 million in total funding.
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The fundraise comes amid growing investor interest in instant house help startups in India. Rival Pronto is finalizing a funding round led by tech investor Lachy Groom at about a $200 million valuation. Urban Company, a top player in this space, said its instant home services offering crossed one million bookings in March.
The rising demand is partly driven by India’s young, urban workforce, which has grown accustomed to ordering services such as groceries on demand through apps.
Snabbit founder and CEO Aayush Agarwal said in a recent LinkedIn post that the company had completed more than one million jobs in March alone. He had earlier told TechCrunch that it recorded over 10,000 daily jobs and more than 300,000 total orders in October.
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The startup worked with about 5,000 professionals on its platform at the time, all of whom were women, he added.
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Snabbit and its investors did not respond to requests for comment.
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Tesla completely ended its free lifetime Supercharging offer way back in 2018, but it has given customers the perk for certain promotions since then. It brought back free Supercharging for Model S and X a couple of times in 2019, for instance. The automaker’s latest offer is for new purchases for a Model 3 Premium or Performance vehicle in North America. On its website, Tesla has announced that it’s including one year of free supercharging with a Model 3 Premium or Performance, though the offer is “subject to change or end at any time.”
As Electrek notes, this is a nice freebie to have but most likely not a deciding factor for people who charge at home. For those who don’t have access to a home charger, however, this could represent significant savings.
The free Supercharging offer starts at delivery and cannot be postponed or redeemed for cash. Owners will also still have to pay certain fees, such as congestions fees that the automaker adds if a vehicle remains plugged into a Supercharger after its battery reaches 80 percent when a site is busy. The offer doesn’t apply to vehicles used for commercial purposes, such as ridesharing, taxi and delivery services, as well. As for those who traded in their gas vehicles to get the 2,000-mile Supercharging incentive, they can enjoy this freebie first and redeem those miles after their first year of ownership.
The financial pressures stem from a fundamental shift in smartphone bill of materials. DRAM and NAND used to be minor costs but now dominate device expenses. Read Entire Article Source link
A lot has been made about a post-quantum computer future in which traditional encryption methods have suddenly been rendered obsolete. With this terrifying idea in mind, it’s reassuring to see some recent pushback to the idea with some factual evidence. In a recent blog post by [Filippo Valsorda] – a cryptography engineer – the point is raised that 128-bit symmetric keys like AES-128 and SHA-256 are at risk of being obliterated in a post-quantum future.
Rather than just taking [Filippo]’s word for it, he takes us through a detailed explanation of the flawed understanding of Grover’s algorithm that underlies much of the panic. While it’s very true that this quantum search algorithm can decrease the amount of time required to find a solution, the speed-up with a single thread is quadratic, not exponential. While asymmetric cryptography systems like ECDH, RSA, and kin are very much at risk courtesy of Shor’s algorithm, the same is not true for symmetric systems.
An interesting detail with Grover’s is also that you cannot simply run a search in parallel to get a corresponding speed-up, as it’s not a parallel problem. Barring a breakthrough that replaces Grover’s with something that lends itself better to such a parallel search, it would seem that we won’t have to abandon classical encryption any time soon.
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Incidentally, even for Shor’s algorithm, there are still some hold-ups. Current quantum computers are not even able to factor 21 yet. Meanwhile, supposed quantum computing breakthroughs are being trolled with a Commodore 64.
Over the last few days, reports have resurfaced that the EU will mandate that phones have replaceable batteries. These reports are based on 2023 legislation with an implementation date of 2027. I won’t go into the full details here, but that legislation covers removable batteries, and many phones are exempt anyway.
Before we dismiss everything, this kind of coverage presents an opportunity to talk about a different type of replaceable battery: the humble alkaline battery. The non-rechargeable, disposable batteries have been part and parcel of our lives for years, powering everything from game controllers to toys, torches, clocks, scales, smart locks and more.
According to Market Reports World, as of 2023, 8.5 billion AA alkaline batteries were sold (50% of the alkaline market), with AAA coming second and other sizes following.
These batteries will all end up, at some point, being disposed of, which is a huge amount of waste. Sadly, a lot of batteries are just thrown away. According to Business Waste, the UK has a battery recycling rate of just 33-35%.
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Cheap to buy, but still disposable
One of the things that the aforementioned EU regulation (New Battery Regulation 2023/1542) covers is alkaline batteries, with improved waste collection targets, restrictions on hazardous ingredients and improved life-cycle assessments.
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That’s all well and good, but the question should be, why are so many alkaline batteries out there?
Part of the reason is that manufacturers routinely include a set of batteries with their remote controls, so you can get going right away.
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These giveaways are a drop in the ocean, but alkaline batteries are given away because they have a long shelf life, holding their charge for years. Typically, alkaline batteries are sold with a promise of a five-plus-year shelf life, and some even have a ten-year shelf life.
That gives a degree of reliability that the rechargeable alternatives just can’t compete with.
That kind of shelf life means that alkaline batteries are super convenient to have at home, too. When a device runs out of power, a quick swap for batteries in the cupboard and you’re good to go.
And, alkaline batteries are cheap to buy, particularly in bulk. In fact, bulk online sales have grown (24- and 48-pack variants saw 17% year-on-year increases according to Market Reports World). Looking on Amazon, for example, a 40-pack of AA batteries costs £9.03, which is 23p per battery.
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Switch to rechargeables and standard NiMH batteries will cost you over £1 per battery. Smaller packs are available, as you don’t need as many batteries.
Over their lifetime, one of our best rechargeable batteries will handle many charge cycles (that is, charging them, using them, and then starting all over again). Say, for example, you get 1000 charge cycles (that’s about average, but some offer 1500 cycles or more), that means that each rechargeable battery does the work of 1000 alkaline batteries; effectively, that’s like paying less than 0.1p per battery.
There’s a cost to having a battery charger and some inconvenience waiting for batteries to charge. NiMH batteries also don’t hold their charge for as long as alkaline batteries (although most will hold 80-90% of their charge for months, so you can have a spare set charged and ready to go). These factors are partly why rechargeable batteries aren’t just routinely used everywhere, but there are other factors.
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Some devices just hate rechargeable batteries
Taking the example of AA batteries, NiMH rechargeable and alkaline versions might be the same size (well, give or take a few mm), but internally they are different.
Alkaline batteries are rated at 1.5V, but the voltage drops as the battery is drained, with a faster drop under high loads and a slower drop under low loads (a clock, remote control, or even a smart lock, where the device largely sits idle). NiMH batteries produce a sustained 1.2V until the battery is almost exhausted, so they are better for continuous loads.
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The issue is that some devices just hate rechargeable batteries. My Yale Linus Smart Door Lock runs on four AA batteries, but it constantly complains about low battery life whenever I try to put four rechargeable batteries in it.
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Image Credit (Trusted Reviews)
Similarly, I bought a radio-controlled alarm clock. Stick two rechargeable AA batteries in it, and the clock comes to life, but it refuses to set the time automatically.
Then there are devices like smoke alarms, which, for safety, need alkaline cells, more for longevity.
Li-ion batteries could be the future, but compatibility issues are still there.
More recently, rechargeable Li-ion batteries have become available, such as the Paleblue AA USB-C Rechargeable Batteries. More expensive than NiMH batteries, these ones can be recharged via USB, produce a constant 1.5V, and hold their charge better.
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On paper, these seem the ideal replacement for alkaline batteries. And, in many cases, they are. My Yale Linus lock no longer complains about low batteries and is very happy with a set of Li-ion batteries.
The range of rechargeables is very good, too: Paleblue and other manufacturers make AA, AAA, 9V, C, D and CR123A versions. As most charge via USB-C, you don’t even need fancy compatible chargers for them, either.
Prices are higher than for NiMH batteries, but with around 1000 charge cycles per battery, the lifetime cost is much lower than that of equivalent alkaline batteries. A typical set of four AA Li-ion batteries may cost around £20, but over 1000 charge cycles, that’s the equivalent of 2p per battery.
That’s the good news. The bad news is that some devices are still super finicky about which batteries they will work with. The aforementioned clock also won’t set its time automatically with a set of Li-ion batteries in it; switch to alkaline batteries, and it works perfectly.
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I tried to go green by using some Type-C Li-ion batteries in my SureFlap Microchip Pet Door Connect. It all seemed to work, but the door would only unlock for two of my three cats.
Sureflap Pet Door Connect inside Image Credit (Trusted Reviews)
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It appears the microchip sensor wasn’t operating at full power, and the chip in my cat may be in a slightly different location or buried a little deeper. For whatever reason, I can’t use rechargeable batteries with this product.
In some cases, manufacturers specifically state that rechargeable batteries should not be used. In fact, Paleblue has a warning to that effect on its 9V page stating that “Most smoke detector and carbon dioxide detector manufacturers do not recommend using rechargeable batteries in their products.”
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Devices should be required to work with rechargeable batteries
Whether it’s by design, by mistake or by requirement, too many devices simply don’t work with rechargeable batteries at all, and that’s not good enough. The default position should be that all devices be manufactured to work with rechargeables, even if a requirement is added that a device is only compatible with Li-ion.
We banned disposable vapes in this country (partly due to environmental concerns and also youth addiction), but disposable batteries still seem fair game. Given how many battery-powered devices there are, it’s time more was done to ensure compatibility and reduce the amount of waste that we produce.
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