BORK!BORK!BORK!We’re big fans of retro computing here at Vulture Central, and so it is with a certain delight that we can report XP-era Windows has been spotted disgracing itself on London’s Docklands Light Railway.
A London Docklands Light Railway information screen displays a Windows application errorTim Haywood
Spotted by Register reader Tim Hayward, the wonderfully named DaisySignApp.exe has thrown up an application error. While the Windows shell might be shorn of all of XP’s fripperies, the Recycle Bin icon hints at the operating system’s origins. Hayward reckoned that XP was stalking the DLR, but it could also be Windows Server 2003.
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Support for Windows Server 2003 finally ended in 2015. XP was sunset in 2014, so the DLR display is rather out of date. Then again, as any IT administrator would admit, if something isn’t broken, there’s no point fixing it, no matter how much Microsoft would encourage them to.
In this case, it is unlikely that the operating system is at fault (although one could argue that it should handle a misbehaving application more discreetly), and DaisySignApp.exe should be dealing with its own dirty laundry rather than throwing an exception in commuters’ faces at Limehouse station.
Limehouse connects London’s Docklands Light Railway (DLR) to the UK’s National Rail services. It was one of the first DLR stations and predates the borked operating system by more than a decade.
Indeed, at the time of the DLR’s opening in 1987, Microsoft was preparing to inflict Windows 2.0 upon the world – the delights of later versions and the company’s GUI dominance were still a few years in the future.
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The DLR also seemed like a glimpse into the future back in the 1980s. However, a fair chunk of its underpinnings, such as formerly disused railway viaducts, hark back to an earlier era.
Anyone looking at today’s iteration of Windows might wonder how much of it dates back to what’s on display at Limehouse. ®
Xbox is more negatively affected by the ongoing component crisis due to choices made by the company, Asha Sharma said.
Microsoft’s Xbox is reportedly planning “significant” layoffs next month as new CEO Asha Sharma attempts to tackle the gaming division’s declining financial standing.
Bloomberg reported that the scale of the layoffs – expected to be announced shortly after the close of Microsoft’s fiscal year on 30 June – is not known. Xbox is also expected to make major cuts to budget for marketing and other areas, sources told the publication.
Yesterday’s (10 June) report shortly followed a memo Sharma and Xbox’s chief content officer Matt Booty sent to employees titled “Xbox Reset”, which outlines some of the division’s spending-related issues.
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Over the past five years, Microsoft poured more than $20bn into gaming content, platform and hardware subsidies, Sharma said, but saw revenue declining by nearly $500m during that time.
“We are in a hardware component crisis,” Sharma said. “When I joined as CEO in February, the price we paid for console storage components was over [twice] as high as we paid last fall. These costs have since doubled again.” Sharma expects a further hike in hardware and memory prices.
“While the entire industry is facing a components crisis, we believe we have been impacted more greatly than many of our peers due to the choices we made over the last half decade.”
Sharma pointed to declining profit margins and said that Xbox is unable to produce enough consoles for consumers to purchase.
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“For some of you, these realities will be surprising and even frustrating to discover,” she said, hinting at possible layoffs at the division.
Sharma has publicly spoken about Xbox’s organisational challenges since her appointment as head in February. At the recent Bloomberg tech conference, she said that she planned on “resetting the business”, which was “not in a healthy spot.”
“We are the fortunate stewards of industry-defining franchises that have enormous potential and player demand, but we have not adequately funded them to compete and win,” Sharma wrote in the memo.
Xbox has seen its revenue decline in four of the last six quarters, with Xbox Series X and Series S consoles also posting poor sales. Once a gaming juggernaut, Xbox has in recent years fallen behind its rivals Sony and Nintendo. Last November, Xbox was outsold by the motion-controlled Nex Playground console, which was launched in 2023.
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“Going forward, we’ll evolve and rebuild our stack, and look at capabilities across all of Xbox and potential M&A [mergers and acquisitions] to help us win in hardware, PC, mobile and streaming,” Sharma said.
Microsoft last announced major layoffs in July 2025, with reports suggesting that the company would cut around 9,000 jobs. Some of Microsoft’s approximately 3,500 Dublin- and Belfast-based employees were affected in the layoffs.
Xbox was expected to be hit the hardest in last year’s round of cuts, which was announced alongside news that the division would be cancelling a number of planned video game projects.
As of the close of Microsoft’s last fiscal year on 30 June 2025, the company employed approximately 228,000 people on a full-time basis, with more than 103,000 based outside the US. According to tech layoffs aggregator Layoffs.fyi, the company cut more than 15,000 jobs in 2025 alone.
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How We Tested and Chose the Best Drip Coffee Machines
I’ve been a drip coffee fan—some might say fanatic—for quite some time. Much of my machine selection comes from personal experience as a coffeewriter and reporter for more than a decade. To broaden my selection, I listened to some of the best minds in coffee, including internet bean personalities like James Hoffmann and Lance Hedrick, trusted baristas and roasters, my friend Joel, and countless published lists by credible sources. If it looked good, I tried it. And sometimes, I just took a flyer on an interesting-looking machine.
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Curious why you don’t see your favorite budget Hamilton Beach or Cuisinart 14-Cup on this list? It’s because I focused on a new generation of devices that are moving drip coffee forward in terms of flavor and technical sophistication—adding bloom cycles, dual heating elements, customization, or precise water-temperature control. That said, there are still a couple of budget devices that make actual good coffee. My favorite of these is the Zojirushi Zutto.
I test each coffee machine first by carefully reading and following the manufacturer’s instructions, and then brew both light- and medium-dark-roast coffee according to specifications. I then do the same while adhering to a 1:17 “golden ratio” of water-to-coffee while brewing multiple batch sizes. Then I generally tinker a bit with different roasts and machine settings while putting the machine through its paces, seeing how easy (or hard) it is to get a genuinely good cup of coffee according to different preferences.
But in addition to the evidence of my taste buds, I use probe and infrared thermometers when possible to track brew and final temperatures, plus time brew cycles for various-sized batches. I examine the soaking of the brew bed for signs of uneven extraction.
I also assess ease of use, the little fun features that make you fall in love with a machine, and the quirks or flaws that can make you hate it. Does the carafe hold temperature? Can you time the machine to have coffee ready when you wake up? How easy is it to clean or descale the water reservoir? How’s the lid fit? When you’ve really invested in a device, even the littlest things matter.
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But taste is always king, and it’s what matters to me most. Amid testing, I also held side-by-side taste tests against other machines I liked, with the same ratios and coffee, to see how they compared. A good cup of coffee never quite seems good enough when it sits on the counter next to truly great coffee.
Do More Expensive Drip Coffee Makers Make Better Coffee?
The short answer is “often, very much yes.” You’ve probably noticed that drip coffee makers have gotten a lot more expensive lately, after decades spent racing to the bottom of the market.
The original Mr. Coffee machine was actually a time-saving luxury and a marvel of newfound convenience when it arrived in the 1970s, quickly taking over half the home coffee market share despite costing $250 or more in current dollars. But these days, a basic 12-cup drip coffee machine with a warmer is quite easily had at Walmart for less than $30. So why not just buy that?
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You can. But it won’t be as good.
Why are cheap coffee makers cheap? Cheap drip coffee makers tend to work a similar way: Coffee is heated till it boils underneath the burner plate. The resulting steam pushes water up through plastic tubes with steam to pour out of a small showerhead over the brewing chamber, until all the water is gone. A couple things happen, alas. First, the water that initially pours into the brewing chamber is too cold. By the end of the pour, it’s too hot. Also, since the pour spout is generally a bit small, the grounds will not wet evenly, or extract evenly: Water will tunnel through the middle or the side of the brew basket. (You can see this quite clearly, usually: There’s basically a big crater in your coffee grounds after you brew.)
Bad extraction means bad coffee. The result of this uneven extraction is uneven coffee. Different flavors come out of coffee at different times and different temperatures. Especially with lighter roasts and higher-quality coffee—coffee with unique, interesting, aromatic qualities—a cheap coffee maker will be a form of violence. What’s more, after you drop the coffee onto the thermal plate, it’ll just kinda keep burning. It will taste, perhaps nostalgically, like diner coffee. It’ll taste thin, and burnt, and possibly sour. If you’re used to this, and that’s what you like, these qualities should only cost you $30.
Good extraction makes good coffee. Drip or immersion coffee does not have to taste like burnt rubber. Well-extracted drip coffee can taste round, chocolatey, and deep, without any burnt notes. It can offer aromatics as subtle and fruity as those you’d find in wine: plum, nectarine, and cherry. Since the early 2000s, baristas with twirly mustaches have gotten quite good at coaxing out these flavors with cafe pour-over—using good grinders, tight temperature control, and painstakingly evenly immersed coffee grounds. This usually involves a Chemex or a Kalita Wave conical filter and a tightly controlled gooseneck kettle.
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Modern drip machines emulate cafe pour-over. So why are the newer, more expensive drip coffee makers better? They exercise the same control as a good barista in a cafe. They keep the temperature in a tight range. They immerse the coffee evenly. They “bloom” coffee to further aid even extraction. They control time appropriately. They mimic what a skilled barista would do to predictably and beautifully coax the nice flavors out of the coffee, but they stop short before pulling out the nasty flavors.
But seriously. Is expensive always better? Nah. Plenty of expensive coffee makers also make bad or OK coffee, despite their best efforts. That’s why I take my time testing each machine. WIRED’s top-pick devices make drip coffee better than any other machines I’ve encountered. Some, like the Technivorm Moccamaster, achieve these results with precise analog engineering. Some, like the Four from Portland coffee maker Ratio, construct ideal temperature curves and ideal extraction using electronic controllers and long-term testing, unlocking good coffee with a single button-press. And some, like the top-pick Fellow Aiden, allow you to customize your brewing parameters for each individual bag of coffee. Wild.
What Is SCA Certification?
A number of the brewers among the favorites are certified by the Specialty Coffee Association (SCA) as “Golden Cup” brewers. What does this mean? Quite a bit, actually.
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The Specialty Coffee Association is an international trade group for coffee. Its Golden Cup home-brewer certification is a rigorous testing process designed according to criteria laid out by coffee scientists in the 1950s. An increasingly small number of devices receive and maintain SCA Golden Cup laurels, and these include some of the best brewers in the game. Large brands like Bonavita and Breville may have more resources to devote to certification, but relative newcomers like Ratio and Fellow may also use SCA certification as a way of proving their bona fides.
An SCA brewer must be able to consistently deliver on the following criteria:
Coffee-to-water ratio: The golden ratio for coffee brewing generally is thought to fall between 1:16 and 1:18. This is one gram of coffee for every 16 to 18 grams or milliliters of water. That’s around 8 grams of coffee for every 5-ounce cup. This is the strength most prefer, after years of taste testing.
Brew temp: Water temperature must remain between 195 and 205 degrees Fahrenheit (90 to 96 degrees Celsius) throughout the brewing process. If it’s too hot, the coffee burns or bad flavors come out. Too cold, and the extraction is too weak and the coffee might end up tasting sour. The recommended temperature might be lower in higher-elevation areas, such as Denver.
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Brew time: In general, a batch of drip coffee should brew in four to eight minutes in order to get full extraction without overdoing it and risking bitter or acrid flavors. Pour-over coffee tends to brew at the lower end of this scale, around three to five minutes.
Extraction: The SCA tests the extraction achieved by a coffee maker. The ideal strength—the percentage of the brewed liquid that’s made up of coffee particles—tends to be 1.15 to 1.35 percent. Extraction is a complicated calculation, but the SCA wants coffee to be 18 to 22 percent extracted. The maximum theoretical extraction is 30 percent, but you don’t want this. The bitter flavors come last, and you’d rather leave them in the bean.
The objectivity of these criteria has been questioned a bit recently, given changing tastes over time and different regional preferences. It is true that any coffee machine that can consistently meet these criteria tends to be a pretty well-made machine. But an SCA stamp does not guarantee excellent coffee. (In fact, I’ve tasted multiple “Golden Cup” brewers I would not recommend.) Likewise, the lack of an SCA stamp doesn’t mean bad coffee. Indeed, makers of some of our top picks have privately told me they’ve moved beyond the SCA’s one-size-fits-all criteria, in favor of in-house optimization.
What Is This “Bloom” You Speak Of?
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The “bloom” is a technique from the pour-over brewing method that’s recently been adopted in a lot of the best automatic drip coffee makers.
The idea is this: If your coffee is fresh and freshly ground, it’s probably gassy. Specifically, there’s a bit of carbon dioxide still trapped in the bean that will actually hinder good coffee extraction. Once you add hot water, the carbon dioxide will be in a rush to escape and shoulder out those good coffee flavors from doing the same.
So a bloom is just a poetic name for degassing. Basically, you pour over a small portion of hot water to begin with, then wait 30 seconds or so. The visible bubbling of the carbon dioxide that results is the “bloom.”
Blooming fresh coffee tends to lead to a better and more full-flavored extraction. Weakly extracted coffee is thinner and more sour.
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The best modern drip coffee machines now often also offer a bloom cycle, in part because consumers are now more likely to use better, freshly ground beans in their drip coffee. You don’t need to bloom stale ground coffee. But that said, it will always taste like stale coffee.
Another technique coffee makers have borrowed from pour-over is agitation, which is to say: stirring up the coffee with water. Many newer machines use a broad showerhead to drip out water unevenly in large droplets. This increases and optimizes coffee extraction by both wetting the coffee grounds evenly and creating more agitation.
This is a hairy, sticky, no-good question with only uncertainty at its bottom. There’s very little standardization in coffee makers, but the answer tends to be that most but not all American drip coffee makers use 5 ounces as a standard serving size. This means a 12-cup coffee maker tends to hold 60 ounces of water in its reservoir.
But some European makers, like Technivorm Moccamaster, roll with 125 milliliters, about 4 ounces. Other coffee makers might have 150-milliliter cups, or 6-ounce cups. To find out the size of each machine’s “cup,” you may have to use your own measuring cup or kitchen scale, read the manual very carefully, or have fun with Google.
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More Coffee Makers We Like and Love
Photograph: Cavanaugh/Oxo
Oxo Brew 9-Cup Coffee Maker for $250: The 9-cup Oxo (9/10, WIRED Recommends) is a lovely, SCA Golden Cup coffee maker capable of making tasty drip coffee that would please any connoisseur. Five years ago when WIRED reviewed it, it was arguably our favorite batch coffee maker. Alas, the world of drip coffee relentlessly keeps moving forward. It still might be your favorite, given that it costs 40 percent less than my top-pick Aiden and offers a feature that’s indispensable for some: a timer that allows you to schedule your brew overnight, so it’s ready when you wake up.
Oxo 12-Cup Coffee Maker for $350: The Oxo 12-Cup Coffee Maker (8/10, WIRED Recommends) is another previous top pick for as a large-batch brewer, and it’s still a worthwhile choice. This Oxo is not overtly pretty, but, like the Luxe above, it’s SCA-certified, can be set on a delay timer, and can adjust heat and flow rate of its showerhead to account for batches from large to small. Which is to say it wakes up each morning and brews excellence. WIRED contributing reviewer Joe Ray prized, in particular, the machine’s water tank, which operates as a kettle, heating the water precisely before brewing rather than heating up during the brew—a quality quite rare among home brewers.
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Photograph: Matthew Korfhage
12-Cup Breville Luxe Brewer for $350: Sometimes nothing less than 12 cups will do. WIRED has previously recommended this big-batch 12-Cup brewer as a top pick for those who want good-tasting coffee in large batches. Among the big boys, this Breville Luxe (7/10, WIRED Recommends), the update on the prior Breville Precision Brewer, has the best feature set and the best capabilities. It can reliably make balanced, aromatic 60-ounce batch of coffee thanks to a lot of technical sophistication under its hood: PID temperature control, water sensors, brew algorithms, customizable settings, the same thermocoils and pumps you’d use to make espresso. It also has an excellent cold brew function, which can make real, actual, cold brew overnight or over the course of the day, timed out with a drip stop. Even so, the device has a number of quirks and particularities in terms of water volume, water left in the reservoir, and an entirely different brew mode for small batches that’s not well explained in the product documentation. After noticing a lot of frustrated user feedback online, I’ve moved this down to my honorable mentions despite the machine’s many admirable qualities.
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Photograph: Matthew Korfhage
Ninja Hot and Iced XL for $160: Arguably Ninja’s top-line coffee maker of the moment, the 12-cup Ninja Hot and Iced XL has many features to like: timed brew for sluggish risers, the ability to choose your batch size from single mug to 12-cup carafe without having to measure water, because the device simply sucks the desired amount out of the tank; options on iced coffee and cold brew. It is what Ninja does: It has the features. The coffee is not as well-extracted as our top picks, whether on classic or rich settings. But at its price, and with its many little conveniences, it may still be the coffee machine you desire. It’s best for those who like medium roast or darker, though—it’s not a pick for delicate, aromatic light-roast drinkers.
Ninja 12-Cup Programmable Brewer
Photograph: Matthew Korfhage
Ninja 12-Cup Programmable Brewer for $90: At less than $100, this 12-cup Ninja is a perfectly serviceable brewer with a bloom function, a timer so you can wake up to hot coffee on a hot plate, and a half-batch setting to help optimize your brews. At the same price range, I far prefer a coffee pot from the five-cup Zojirushi Zutto. But if you want to caffeinate an office or community rec room on a budget, this larger budget brewer might still be your choice.
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Photograph: Matthew Korfhage
Ninja Dualbrew Hot & Iced Coffee System for $170: Lordy, this one really does it all. Hot coffee, cold coffee, iced coffee, pod coffee. This machine is designed for the family who can’t agree, or the person who wants everything, but only sometimes. It’s among WIRED’s top-pick pod machines for this wild versatility, and while the drip coffee doesn’t stack up to my top picks, it’s perfectly good for those more likely to make the occasional carafe from store bags.
Photograph: Matthew Korfhage
Gevi 10-Cup Touchscreen Brewer for $160: Gevi is a relatively new brand out of China—part of a wave of new appliance makers who’ve moved from manufacturing expertise to product design. And lately, Gevi has been shaking up a lot of assumptions about what goes in a drip coffee maker and what doesn’t. This 10-cup batch brewer, usually on sale around $160, comes with a host of customizable brew settings, a timed-brew delay, and a conical-burr grinder to brew fresh coffee beans—a style of grinder you’d rarely find much below $100 all by itself. The resulting coffee is not at the level of my top picks: The grinder tends to grind too much coffee, and brew times are quite long, a combination that has led to some bitterness unless you adjust your grind to fairly coarse settings. But this Gevi does make brewing drip coffee from fresh coffee beans encouragingly easy and affordable for non-coffee-geeks. If you want a budget coffee maker for pre-ground coffee, though? You should probably get our budget pick five-cup Zojirushi or the 12-cup Ninja instead.
Aarke Coffee Maker With Thermal Carafe for $480: This shiny, SCA-certified Swedish-made system (6/10, WIRED Recommends) is beautiful, in the Swedish modernist sense: It looks like a Turkish tea service has been redesigned into a brand new gasworks. It makes quite lovely coffee. And in a novel twist, the coffee brewer can be paired with the matching flat-burr grinder so the grinder theoretically churns the exact right amount of ground coffee. Alas, this grinder pairing wasn’t quite perfectly calibrated, requiring much tweaking. And though I didn’t have this problem, users online have reported that the grinder jams up very easily—a troubling worry on such an expensive device. I remain nonetheless affectionate.
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Other Brewers Tested
Photograph: Matthew Korfhage
Oxo Brew 8-Cup Coffee Maker With Glass Carafe for $180: I leapt at the chance to try an updated version of Oxo’s modern-classic 8-cup coffee maker, now available with a glass carafe and a warmer. When first reviewed in 2020, the Oxo Brew 8-Cup received a rare 9/10 score from WIRED reviewer Joe Ray for its elegant simplicity, its “rainmaker” showerhead meant to mimic the agitation of a pour-over, and a SCA Golden Cup certification attesting that the machine was able to stay within tight temperature and time parameters. Six years later, the coffee flavor and extraction is still amid the upper echelon of drip coffee brewers, at a sub-$200 price that’s a bargain in its class. It no longer being a top pick is simply a sign of how far other drip coffee makers have come—including the newer 9-cup and 12-cup machines from Oxo. In particular, I wish Oxo had since updated the 8-Cup’s showerhead design to be more in line with its newer machines. The six-hole showerhead erodes pits into the brew bed and causes channeling. This adds up to less even extraction than the newer Oxo machines. It’s not that I don’t like the 8-cup, it’s just that I think you should probably get the 9-cup or 12-cup instead.
Mr Coffee Perfect Brew
Photograph: Matthew Korfhage
Mr. Coffee Perfect Brew for $169: This SCA-certified Mr. Coffee brewer amounts to a giant leap forward for the drip-coffee pioneer. It does indeed make an aromatic and flavorful, if somewhat thin-bodied brew. That said, the controls interface is maddening, and the device tries to do too many things without succeeding at all of them: The cold-brew function, in particular, is just a recipe for lukewarm, watered-down coffee. The tea basket is a pleasant addition, however.
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Melitta Vision Luxe 12-Cup
Photograph: Matthew Korfhage
Melitta Vision Luxe 12-Cup for $227: This quite large and fetching machine was designed under the Melitta brand by Hong Kong design firm Wabilogic. It’s full of interesting touches like a water reservoir that lights up red when it heats, and a control panel that can swivel for convenience. Alas, I never found a way to get the even extraction I was looking for, and much coffee came out somehow thin but bitter. Worse, the immovable water reservoir stayed constantly humid after brewing—a recipe for either constant cleaning or something worse.
Photograph: Matthew Korfhage
Gevi 10-Cup Grind-and-Brew for $150: This is a slightly lower-cost version of Gevi’s other, more digital 10-cup grind-and-brew device. Both include a built-in conical-burr grinder at a relatively low cost, and making fresh-ground coffee was easy and affordable for many drip coffee lovers. Both also brew similarly, a bit slow and strong, requiring coarser grinds. But at $20 or so more, I recommend Gevi’s touchscreen device instead for two reasons: a removable water tank, and a removable top granting access to the grinder to clear beans or jams or change out the burr. The touchscreen device has both. This one has neither.
Photograph: Matthew Korfhage
Cuisinart Grind and Brew for $250: Cuisinart’s new entrant in single-serve, grind-and-brew coffee machines is a bit of a neither-here-nor-there machine that shows why it’s so hard to find integrated grinder-brewers. The grinder means it’s priced close to the top picks among stand-alone drip brewers that offer delicate and nuanced takes on even pre-ground coffee. But the Cuisinart’s integrated grinder has only one setting—which means the only way to adjust flavor is by adjusting brew strength. This makes it not great for the light or lighter-medium roasts favored by third-wave coffee lovers, the very people who tend to be sticklers about having their coffee ground fresh before brewing. The grinder adds a bit of versatility for those who favor medium-dark roasts, and the conical burr grinder is a step up from a blade grinder. But this machine remains a bit of an odd duck.
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De’Longhi TrueBrew for $700: Like a lot of De’Longhi espresso machines, this TrueBrew (4/10, WIRED Recommends) is a superautomated machine with a bean reservoir up top. This one makes something akin to drip, grinding and brewing coffee ranging from a dense, 3-ounce-cup “espresso” to a classic mug. But the “espresso” was weak, and the drip coffee was sad, according to contributor Joe Ray. Plus, the machine was just kind of messy and expensive.
GE Café Specialty Drip Coffee Maker for $299: GE is a big name but a less common one in the world of high-quality coffee. This SCA-certified Café Specialty Drip Coffee Maker (4/10, WIRED Recommends) seemed initially promising, according to contributor Joe Ray, but turned out to extract coffee unevenly and led to flat, coppery flavors—a fatal flaw in a premium-priced machine.
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Balmuda The Brew for $699: Balmuda is a brand known for lovable design, and this coffee maker (5/10, WIRED Recommends) is no exception: petite and handsome, with a habit of steam-blasting the coffee carafe in advance of brewing and ticking like a clock as the coffee dribbles down. But it brewed weird, wrote contributor Joe Ray, making concentrate at low temperatures then diluting it with extra water. Maybe it’s cute, but the coffee doesn’t taste good unless you do some serious gymnastics. It also costs a steep $700.
I’ve struggled with insomnia since I was very young. Like many chronic overthinkers, I tend to fall asleep best when my mind is occupied by something else, such as podcasts, YouTube compilations, or my personal favorite: rain sounds. But earbuds can be uncomfortable, and playing audio out loud isn’t exactly considerate when I’m staying at my partner’s place.
Launched last month, this ultra-thin speaker utilizes bone conduction technology—which sends vibrations through your skull directly to your inner ear—to transmit sound through your pillow and into your ear privately. Just place it beneath your pillow and listen as you drift off.
In my testing, I found the Peace Duo was so thin that I almost forgot it was there. I mainly used the built-in sleep sounds, which come preloaded on a micro SD card with four hours of soothing soundscapes, including gentle waves, light rain, rain with thunder, and soft wind. For more personal content, the Peace Duo also offers Bluetooth connectivity, so you can connect your phone and stream your favorite audio.
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Image Credits:Jabees
Battery life is another standout. A single charge lasts up to ten nights of one-hour listening sessions, so you won’t have to remember yet another device that requires nightly charging. The foldable design also makes it easy to put away in the included magnetic fabric travel case.
There is one important caveat: it doesn’t work well with thick memory foam pillows. Unfortunately, that’s what I normally use, so I switched to a regular cotton pillow and the sound came through clearly. (The company claims that thinner memory foam pillows should work fine.)
Image Credits:Jabees
Priced at $59.99, the Peace Duo comes in two colors: Sunrise Yellow and Mist Green. It also offers personalization; users can swap out the magnetic snap-on frames for custom images and even add their names, making it a great gift for families, students, or anyone who needs extra help getting restful sleep.
The Peace Duo won’t cure insomnia, but it’s a practical, unobtrusive sleep gadget — and for what the company is charging, it’s a small price for a decent night’s sleep.
When you purchase through links in our articles, we may earn a small commission. This doesn’t affect our editorial independence.
Google may have a workaround for Pixel owners whose phones have been trapped in a bootloop following recent software updates.
While the company has largely directed affected users to contact support, some users have found success using Google’s Software Repair tool. This tool can reinstall a device’s software and potentially bring a bricked Pixel back to life.
For anyone unfamiliar with the issue, a bootloop occurs when a phone repeatedly restarts without ever fully loading into Android. On Pixel devices, that often means getting stuck on the Google logo before rebooting again, effectively rendering the handset unusable.
The Software Repair tool isn’t a guaranteed fix, but it appears to have worked for at least some users dealing with the problem. The catch is that you’ll need access to a computer, as the process requires connecting your Pixel and reinstalling its software from scratch.
According to reports, changing the device’s clock several years into the future may force Android to remove the corrupted files triggering the reboot cycle. However, that solution depends on being able to access the phone’s settings in the first place – many affected users can’t do this.
As a result, Google’s official support channels are still likely to be the safest option if the Software Repair tool doesn’t work.
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The reports come after a number of Pixel owners said their devices became stuck in a bootloop following recent updates. While software bugs are hardly uncommon, a bootloop is among the most disruptive issues a smartphone can face. It can prevent access to apps, files, and even basic phone functions.
More broadly, the issue adds to a growing list of software complaints affecting some Pixel users in recent months. Alongside reports of battery-related issues and Android Auto connectivity problems, the bootloop bug has become one of the more serious headaches for Google’s smartphone lineup.
For affected users, though, the Software Repair tool could finally offer a way to get their phones working again without immediately resorting to a repair centre or replacement device.
Anthropic’s AI restrictions caused concern among founders, researchers and developers following the release of the Mythos-like model.
It was just this week that Anthropic launched Claude Fable 5, an AI model that the company described as “Mythos-class”, but with additional significant security restrictions in place to prevent misuse.
Already, however, the organisation is facing backlash from founders, researchers and developers who find the ‘secretive’ large language model (LLM) policies to be deliberately limiting competitors and users in the development of alternative AI models.
In its statement announcing the availability of Claude Fable 5, Anthropic explained that the model has barriers designed to block responses that stray into high-risk areas – notably cybersecurity, chemistry and biology. Such interactions, it stated, would instead be rerouted to Opus 4.8, a less powerful model.
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This has reportedly drawn some criticism from researchers and developers in the AI space, as there is a concern that work derived this way is deliberately degraded in a manner that is invisible and secretive.
Anthropic has since responded to the backlash, indicating plans to address the issue by making Claude 5’s safety rails visible to all users. If the company suspects that a user is attempting to develop their own high-powered AI system, it will send a clear prompt informing them that the request is being refused based on policy, or that it is being rerouted to a less capable model.
It is currently against Anthropic’s terms of service to use Claude technology as a means of training competing AI models.
In a statement to Wired, a representative for Anthropic said, “We’re changing Fable 5’s safeguards for frontier LLM development to make them visible. We made the wrong trade-off and we apologise for not getting the balance right.”
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Among the critics of Anthropic’s decision-making was Dean Ball, a senior fellow at the Foundation for American Innovation and a former adviser to the White House on AI. In a post published on X, Ball described deliberately degrading “ML research” performance without informing the user as a “shockingly hostile and terrible look”.
He further explained its potential to “silently damage all sorts of work” and “raise the eyebrows of antitrust enforcers worldwide.”
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Yale Linus Smart Lock L2 Lite: two-minute review
Smart locks in Britain have always been the awkward cousin of the smart home. American buyers get deadbolts and endless choice; we get multipoint mechanisms, lift-to-lock handles and a nagging sense that retrofitting anything to the front door will either void the insurance or fall off.
Yale’s answer with the Linus L2 Lite is to keep things small, cheap and reversible — and, crucially, to build in Matter over Thread so the lock works with whatever smart home system you already rock.
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The L2 Lite is a compact, round-knob unit that mounts on the inside of your door over the existing thumb-turn. Your key still works from the outside, which matters both for emergencies and for landlords.
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The Yale Linus Smart Lock L2 Lite is easy to install. fitting over your existing lock cylinder (Image credit: Future)
Inside the Yale Home app, you get the modern smart-lock toolkit: digital keys and PIN codes you can share and revoke, an activity feed of who came and went, Auto-Unlock that opens the door as you approach with your phone in your pocket, and KeySense — a button on the knob for a quick press-to-lock or a long-press delayed lock as you leave.
Because it supports Matter over Thread alongside Bluetooth 5.4, the L2 Lite joins Apple Home, Google Home, Amazon Alexa or Samsung SmartThings locally and responds fast, no Yale-specific bridge required — provided you already own a device that acts as a Thread border router, such as a recent Apple HomePod or Amazon Echo.
The lock uses three CR123A batteries, which aren’t a type you’ll typically have to hand (Image credit: Future)
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If you don’t live in a Matter ecosystem and still want to lock the door from the pub, you’ll need Yale’s optional ConnectX Wi-Fi Bridge, sold separately. There’s no Wi-Fi baked in, unlike the pricier Linus L2.
Living with it, the L2 Lite is reassuringly unremarkable in the best way. Installation took 15 minutes, it disappears against the door, and KeySense quickly becomes muscle memory.
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It runs on three CR123A batteries — not the sort of cell you keep in a kitchen drawer. There’s no USB-C top-up, and it lacks DoorSense, so it knows whether it’s locked but not whether the door is actually shut.
There’s no Apple Home Key tap-to-enter either, which makes sense for an interior-only design but will disappoint iPhone devotees.
Get past the spec-sheet gaps, and the bigger question is door compatibility, because this is where UK smart locks live or die, and the L2 Lite is fussier than its friendly styling suggests.
List price £129.98 (about $170 / AU$250) compared to £220 (about $290 / AU$420) for the regular Linus L2
Launched December 2025
Available in black or silver
With a list price of £129.98 (about $170 / AU$250), the Yale Linus Smart Lock L2 Lite undercuts the standard Linus L2 by a meaningful margin while keeping most of the day-to-day features. That makes it one of the cheapest routes to a Matter-over-Thread smart lock in the UK, though at the time of writing it’s not available worldwide.
Pleasingly, there are no subscription fees to concern yourself with, but there are some other cost caveats.
CR123A batteries are included, and Yale rates them for up to six months, but replacing them is more expensive and less convenient than AAs. Second, if you’re not in a Matter household, the ConnectX Wi-Fi Bridge is effectively mandatory for remote control, setting you back another £70.
Reassuringly, pairing the lock with a Yale Platinum Three Star cylinder brings a £3,000 Total Trust Guarantee if it’s ever breached. That compares to £5,000 offered by smart lock rival Ultion Nuki. Its base model, the Ultion Nuki Go, costs £239 with Wi-Fi built in.
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Yale Linus Smart Lock L2 Lite: specs
Swipe to scroll horizontally
Type
Retrofit interior smart lock (round knob)
Connectivity
Matter over Thread, Bluetooth 5.4
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Remote access
Via Matter ecosystem, or optional Yale ConnectX Wi-Fi Bridge
Power
3x CR123A batteries (included), up to six months
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Security
128-bit AES encryption
Features
KeySense, Auto-Unlock, digital keys, PIN sharing, activity feed; pairs with Yale Smart Keypad 2/Yale Dot
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Dimensions (H x W x D)
2.4 x 2.4 x 2.8 inches / 6.1 x 6.1 x 7.2cm
Weight (without batteries)
9.2oz / 260g
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Finishes
Black / silver
Yale Linus Smart Lock L2 Lite: design and installation
Compact design
Reversible install
Door compatibility tricky
For something doing a serious security job, the L2 Lite is endearingly low-key. It’s a small round knob in black or silver that sits on the inside of the door over your existing thumb-turn, and from the outside, there’s no sign anything has changed.
The casing is plastic, which sounds cheap but feels solid enough in the hand. Installation lives up to the drill-free promise. In my case, I was carrying over an Ultion cylinder left in the door from a previous smart-lock install, and the supplied two-piece thumb-turn adapter eventually made the swap painless.
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The thumb-turn adapter makes installation painless (Image credit: Future)
Fix the mounting plate around the cylinder, clip the adapter over the thumb-turn, attach the lock and calibrate it in the app. Because nothing is drilled and the cylinder isn’t replaced, it comes off just as cleanly if you’re renting or wary of committing.
The catch is what counts as a compatible door. The L2 Lite works only with lift-to-lock mechanisms; your cylinder needs to protrude at least 3mm on the inside, and it explicitly won’t work with split spindles or auto-engage multipoint locks.
Bear in mind that Linus Smart Lock L2 Lite only works with lift-to-lock doors (Image credit: Future)
Plenty of UK front doors are lift-to-lock multipoint and will be fine; a meaningful number aren’t. Use Yale’s online compatibility checker before you buy, and note that if your current cylinder doesn’t fit the bill, Yale’s Linus Adjustable Cylinder is designed to solve exactly that.
Design and installation score: 4/5
Yale Linus Smart Lock L2 Lite: performance
Fast operation
KeySense and Auto-Unlock useful
Battery and DoorSense omissions niggle
Day to day, the L2 Lite locks and unlocks reliably, on command, without fuss. Paired into a Matter home, it responded quickly to app and voice commands, and Auto-Unlock greeted me at the door as advertised, sensing my approach over Bluetooth.
KeySense, the press-to-operate button on the knob, turns out to be the feature I used most: a quick press to lock behind me, a long press for a delayed lock as I gathered bags and left. One practical wrinkle on lift-to-lock doors: you still need to lift the handle as you leave, or KeySense has nothing to throw the bolts into.
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Image 1 of 2
(Image credit: Future)
(Image credit: Future)
Matter over Thread is always appealing, and it works. Through Apple Home, the lock appeared as a native tile, automations fired, and there was no bridge-dependent lag.
Sharing access is painless — digital keys and PIN codes go out to family or a cleaner and can be revoked from the app, with an activity feed confirming who came and went.
Want a code or fingerprint on the door rather than a phone? It pairs with the additional Yale Smart Keypad 2 or the Yale Dot.
Image 1 of 2
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(Image credit: Future)
(Image credit: Future)
The motor isn’t silent, throwing a businesslike whir as it turns the cylinder, though it’s no louder than rivals. The omissions are what stop a higher score. The lack of DoorSense means it reports whether it’s locked, but has no idea whether the door is actually closed, which undermines the ‘Is the house secure?’ peace of mind.
The CR123A batteries are a recurring irritation rather than a dealbreaker, and the absence of Apple Home Key means no tap-to-enter with an iPhone or Apple Watch from outside. None of it spoils the core experience; it merely reaffirms this isn’t the flagship.
Should you buy the Yale Linus Smart Lock L2 Lite?
Swipe to scroll horizontally
Attribute
Notes
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Score
Value
One of the cheapest Matter-over-Thread locks in the UK, with batteries and an optional bridge to factor in.
4/5
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Design
Compact, discreet and genuinely drill-free, let down only by fussy door compatibility.
4/5
Performance
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Fast, reliable Matter operation with handy KeySense, held back by no DoorSense or Home Key.
4/5
Buy it if
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Don’t buy it if
Yale Linus Smart Lock L2 Lite: also consider
If you’re not sure whether the Yale Linus Smart Lock L2 is the right smart lock for your home, here are two others to bear in mind.
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How I tested the Yale Linus Smart Lock L2 Lite
Installed on a domestic door
Tested via Matter, Bluetooth and the Yale Home app
Assessed installation, daily reliability, KeySense, and Auto-Unlock
I fitted the L2 Lite myself to gauge how true the drill-free claim is, swapping it onto an Ultion cylinder already in the door via the supplied two-piece thumb-turn adapter. I lived with it as a daily lock, locking and unlocking by app, voice and the KeySense button.
I paired it with Matter to test hub-free operation and response times, and used Auto-Unlock on repeated approaches. I shared and revoked digital access, checked the activity feed, and paid particular attention to the consequences of the missing DoorSense and the CR123A battery choice. Battery longevity can’t be verified in weeks, so I’ve reported Yale’s six-month figure alongside my shorter-term experience rather than guessing. For more details, see how we test, rate, and review products at TechRadar.
Apple’s forthcoming macOS 27 doesn’t run on Intel Macs at all, and that’s just the beginning of a timeline that will complete a years-long transition to Apple Silicon. Here’s what to expect, and when.
When Apple unveiled macOS 27 during its WWDC 2026 opening keynote, it put into motion its previously announced plan for the end of Intel Macs. Not only will the update not support any Intel Macs, but it also removes the Rosetta 2 translation layer that allows Intel apps to run on other Macs, too.
Apple announced the transition away from Intel chips in 2020, choosing to use its own in-house silicon instead. Now, six years later, it’s getting ready to complete that transition, and app developers are on notice.
Apple has long warned that support for apps designed for Intel would need to be updated. With macOS 26.4, it also started to warn Mac users when they launched an Intel app.
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Now, time is almost up. Here’s how Mac support for Intel will finally end.
Fall 2026: macOS 27 releases, uninstalling Rosetta 2
Apple’s macOS 27 is in developer beta testing right now, but it will be released to the public this fall. It will only be available for Macs running Apple’s M1 chip or newer, removing support for Intel Macs entirely.
During the installation process, macOS 27 will also remove Rosetta 2 if it was previously installed. This will prevent any app designed for Intel chips from launching.
The removal of Rosetta 2 will also affect apps that use any Intel-only frameworks. This will most likely affect older games and specialist apps or plugins.
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If required, macOS 27 will allow Rosetta 2 to be reinstalled. But users and developers alike should take this as a last warning for what will come next.
Fall 2027: macOS 28 releases, ending Intel support
Fall 2027 will see the release of macOS 28, Apple’s next big Mac software update. Apple warned developers as far back as June 2025 that macOS 28 would not support Rosetta 2 for most apps.
Apple Silicon will soon see the end of Intel support
With macOS 28 installed, apps built for Intel Macs will no longer function. Users will need to update the software to a new, Apple Silicon version, if one is available. Otherwise, they’ll have to find an alternative app or some kind of bottle like Crossover or Parallels to use instead.
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There will be some concessions made, however. Apple has confirmed that Rosetta 2 functionality will remain available, but only for specific older and unmaintained games. These games rely on Intel-based frameworks and cannot be updated to support Apple Silicon.
Fall 2029: Apple no longer offers security updates for Intel
Prior to the release of macOS 26 Tahoe in the fall of 2025, Apple confirmed that Intel apps would not be supported by macOS 28. But it did say that Intel Macs running macOS 26 Tahoe would receive security updates for three years.
The macOS 26 Tahoe update was released in September 2025. With that in mind, we can expect Apple to cease security updates for Intel Macs in or around September 2029.
We’re in the Apple Silicon endgame
Six years after Apple began to move away from Intel Macs, the transition is almost complete. Seven years after release, it will be done. Apple has made it very clear that it’s ready to move on.
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For now, Intel Macs and Intel apps will continue to work. Even after Apple stops offering security updates for Intel Macs, they’ll continue to function just fine, albeit with increasingly degraded security.
The bigger issue may be the lack of Intel app support starting in late 2027, though. If you rely on an app that still hasn’t been updated for Apple Silicon, it’s time to bug its developer. If it hasn’t been updated by now, there’s a good chance it never will be.
With all of this being said, Apple’s message is now loud and clear. If you still own an Intel Mac and haven’t updated to a newer model running Apple Silicon, now is the time to do so.
The 2nd edition of the newest race on the World Tour will see the World’s best sprinters take centre stage again in their bid for victory and bragging rights within the peloton.
It’s rare that so many big names line up in one place out side of the Tour de France to show who really is the best, so we will likely be treated to one of the sprints of the year at the end of the 228 kilometres into the heart of Copenhagen.
Read on and we’ll show you how to watch a Copenhagen Sprint 2026 live stream from anywhere, and potentially for FREE.
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How to watch the 2026 Copenhagen Sprint for FREE
Cycling fans in Denmark can watch Copenhagen Sprint for free on DR Sporten.
If you’re a resident of Denmark and you’re abroad right now, don’t worry about missing the action – all you need to do is download a VPN to re-connect to your home streaming coverage. You’ll find more details below.
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Use a VPN to watch any Copenhagen Sprint 2026 live stream
The Copenhagen Sprint 2026 is streaming on lots of platforms around the world, but what if you’re abroad and don’t want to take out a new subscription just to watch the race, or you want your familiar, favorite commentary?
This is where a VPN can help. It’s a handy piece of software that can make your device appear to be back home, so you can unlock your usual service or subscription from wherever you find yourself.
The best VPN right now? We recommend NordVPN – it does everything you want it to do at great speeds and an even better price.
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How to watch 2026 Copenhagen Sprint live streams in the US
(Image credit: Other)
In the US, the 2026 Copenhagen Sprint will be on HBO Max, which starts at $18.49 USD per month. This is the middle-tier “Standard” subscription that includes live sports.
If you’re out of the US but still want to watch the 2026 Copenhagen Sprint then don’t forget to explore the VPN route set out above, which will help you access your subscriptions from anywhere.
How to watch 2026 Copenhagen Sprint live streams in the UK
The Copenhagen Sprint 2026 is on TNT Sports in the UK.
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TNT Sports’ cycling coverage in the UK has now moved from Discovery+ to the HBO Max platform. It costs £30.99 per month, though there is a better value £25.99 “saver plan” available if you sign up for a 12-month term.
If you already had a Discovery+ account for viewing TNT Sports, it will be automatically transferred over to HBO Max.
If you’re currently traveling overseas, don’t worry as you can use NordVPN to watch your usual service from abroad.
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How to watch 2026 Copenhagen Sprint live streams in Canada
(Image credit: Other)
Fans in Canada can watch the 2026 Copenhagen Sprint on FloBikes.
A subscription to Flobikes, which has pretty much every race you could wish to watch, costs $49.99 a month or $215.88 for the year.
Not at home right now? Use NordVPN or another VPN service to make your device believe you’re still in Canada.
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How to watch 2026 Copenhagen Sprint live streams in Australia
(Image credit: free)
As yet no broadcaster in Australia has the rights to the Copenhagen Sprint.
Not at home right now? Use NordVPN or another VPN service to trick your device into thinking you’re still in Australia.
Copenhagen Sprint 2026 – Preview
Jasper Philipsen, Arnaud De Lie, Dylan Groenewegen, Jonathan Milan, Tim Merlier, the list goes on. In fact the only big name sprinter not on the start sheet is Paul Magnier which also includes last year’s winner Jordi Meeus and the rapid Dane, Tobias Lund Andresen.
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Starting in Roskilde and finishing at the National Gallery of Denmark in the centre of Copenhagen, the 228 kilometre race spends 176 kilometres in the countryside before hitting the capital for five laps of the city circuit.
Almost entirely flat, this criterium like finish is packed with technical corners so it’s not simply a case of the biggest watts winning the day as timing, skill and patience in launching the sprint will all be key.
Copenhagen Sprint Race Route 2026
(Image credit: Copenhagen Sprint)
We test and review VPN services in the context of legal recreational uses. For example: 1. Accessing a service from another country (subject to the terms and conditions of that service). 2. Protecting your online security and strengthening your online privacy when abroad. We do not support or condone the illegal or malicious use of VPN services. Consuming pirated content that is paid-for is neither endorsed nor approved by Future Publishing.
When you hit the brakes on your motorcycle, do you do so using the 70/30 rule? It’s a guideline that helps you know how much stopping power should be distributed between your motorcycle’s front and rear brakes. Under normal riding conditions, roughly 70% of your braking force should come from the front brake while the remaining 30% should come from the rear. Otherwise, you might just lose control of the bike.
As a rider puts on the brakes, the motorcycle’s weight naturally shifts forward. That increases the load and available traction on the front tire while reducing the load on the rear. But because the front tire gains more grip during deceleration, it’s able to generate much more stopping force than the rear tire. To account for all this, the best thing is to use both brakes rather than relying on one alone. That’s where the 70/30 rule comes from. Using the front brakes alone can upset the chassis, giving you less stability and making the motorcycle harder to control. Proper rear-brake use helps stabilize the motorcycle and keeps the chassis balanced.
Applying your brakes properly is all about feel. The bike isn’t designed to apply exactly 70% or 30% — you control manually that by how much pressure you apply to the brakes. It’s a good idea to practice braking in non-traffic situations to learn how your bike is going to react to various amounts of pressure.
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Exceptions to the 70/30 rule
K-FK/Shutterstock
While 70/30 is the standard for normal riding conditions, that ratio can change depending on your circumstances. During emergency stops, for example, your braking force may need to be even more front-focused. Some guidance suggests as much as 90% of stopping power coming from the front brake and only 10% from the rear. Even then, riders probably shouldn’t use 100% of both brakes simultaneously and risk losing control. Anti-lock braking systems can only do so much. Other factors like wet pavement, dirty roads, worn tires, passengers on back, and bad brakes can also affect how much you stick to the 70/30 guideline.
Basically, the 70/30 rule should be treated as a training guideline rather than an absolute rule you have to stick to every time. Each rider’s motorcycle has its own unique characteristics, and braking performance will ultimately depend on more than just a braking ratio. The front brake is nothing to fear, but it should always be balanced out in some capacity with the back brakes.
A local court in Germany has issued a ruling that could reshape the operation of search engines and artificial-intelligence-based chatbots worldwide. The Munich Regional Court preliminarily ruled that Google is liable for a series of false statements generated by its AI Overviews feature, requiring the company to prevent the dissemination of erroneous or inaccurate claims through its search engine.
The ruling stems from a case first reported by the Decoder, in which two publishers discovered that Google’s AI-generated summaries linked them, in certain searches, to questionable business practices, scams, and subscription-related frauds, without any basis for doing so.
Earlier this year, the affected companies sent the tech giant a cease-and-desist letter, according to the report. Google denied liability, arguing that its automatic summary feature warns users that the information may contain errors and should be independently verified.
The court’s analysis concluded that Google’s AI combined information corresponding to other companies that had been flagged for possible illicit practices with data from the plaintiffs, generating associations that did not appear in any of the sources linked by the search engine.
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The authorities found that, unlike traditional search engines, which merely display lists of links with statements made by third parties, Google’s tool produced “independent, new, and substantial statements” based on a misinterpretation of information available on the internet.
According to the court, correcting misinformation is not the responsibility of third parties. Google is the only entity with the ability to modify the technology underpinning its AI-generated summaries and, therefore, “must be held accountable.” Furthermore, the court found that Google’s line of defense lacked merit, since the challenged summary “contains statements that do not appear at all in the search results.
A New (and Forceful) Interpretation of AI on the Web
The court’s interpretation of AI’s role in presenting search results could make this case a historic precedent. It finds a large tech company responsible for the influence of its most advanced developments on widely used platforms.
Until now, in most legal systems, search engines have been considered tools that merely facilitate access to content created by third parties and available on the web. This status has afforded them a certain level of protection when the published information is false, inaccurate, misleading, or even defamatory.
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However, the German court held that this safeguard no longer applies when search engines incorporate generative AI systems. According to its reasoning, this technology is capable of producing nonexistent claims based on multiple sources and, consequently, the companies responsible for operating it must assume liability for the resulting content.
The judges also concluded that while Google encourages users to verify information due to the potential for hallucinations inherent in AI models, this warning does not absolve the content distributor of liability. Otherwise, they argued, victims of false statements would be virtually defenseless, since the original sources never made those statements and, therefore, could not be subject to legal action.
Likewise, the court held that results generated by an AI system cannot be protected under the principles of free speech, as they are the product of an algorithm designed, trained, and managed by a company, and not the expression of an individual opinion.
As a precautionary measure to prevent possible recurrence, the ruling required Google to remove a large portion of the statements deemed defamatory in this case, and to cover 80 percent of the legal costs arising from the proceedings.
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A company spokesperson, quoted by Ars Technica, suggested that the decision could be appealed. “We invest deeply in the quality of AI Overviews to ensure that the overwhelming majority of responses provide accurate information, and they are designed to reflect the information that exists on the web,” the statement says. “We’re carefully reviewing this decision, which is not yet final.”
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