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AI is breaking crypto security by making hacks cheaper and easier, Ledger CTO warns

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AI is breaking crypto security by making hacks cheaper and easier, Ledger CTO warns

Crypto platforms — and investors — have long suffered from hacker attacks and exploits. Now, artificial intelligence (AI) is making that threat even worse.

That’s the view of Charles Guillemet, chief technology officer at crypto wallet provider Ledger, who said the economics of cybersecurity are breaking down as AI tools make it faster and cheaper to attack systems.

“Finding vulnerabilities and exploiting them becomes really, really easy,” Guillemet told CoinDesk in an interview. “The cost is going down to zero.”

His remarks come as crypto heists are in the headlines again. Just this week, Solana-based decentralized finance protocol Drift was exploited, with attackers draining $285 million worth of digital assets. It is one of the most severe exploits of the year so far. A week before that, an attack on yield protocol Resolv led to $25 million in losses.

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Altogether, over $1.4 billion in assets were stolen or lost in crypto attacks over the course of the past year, according to data by DefiLlama.

From asymmetry to arms race

Security has long relied on an imbalance: it should be harder and more expensive to hack a system than the potential reward.

But AI is eroding that advantage. Tasks that once took skilled researchers months, like reverse engineering software or chaining exploits, can now be done in seconds with the right prompts.

For crypto, where code often controls large pools of funds, that shift raises the stakes.

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“You need to be perfect,” Guillemet warned teams developing blockchain protocols.

The problem is compounded by AI-generated code. As more developers rely on AI tools, vulnerabilities could spread faster.

“There is no ‘make it secure’ button,” he said. “We are going to produce a lot of code that will be insecure by design.”

Raising the security bar

For crypto protocols, that means rethinking security from the ground up.

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Guillemet pointed to formal verification — using mathematical proofs to validate code — as a stronger approach than traditional audits, which may miss bugs.

Hardware-based security is another layer, he said. Devices like hardware wallets isolate private keys from internet-connected systems, reducing exposure.

“When you have a dedicated device not exposed to the internet, it is more secure by design,” he said.

That approach is becoming more relevant as malware grows more advanced. Guillemet described attacks that scan compromised phones for wallet seed phrases, allowing hackers to drain funds without user interaction.

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For average crypto users, Guillemet’s message is blunt: assume systems can and will fail.

“You can’t trust most of the systems that you use,” Guillemet said.

That could push more users toward cold storage, stronger operational security and keeping sensitive data offline. Even then, risks extend beyond software, including physical attacks targeting crypto holders.

Guillemet expects a divide ahead. Critical systems like wallets and protocols will invest heavily in security and adapt. But much of the broader software ecosystem may struggle to keep up.

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“It’s really easier to hack everything,” he said.

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Crypto World

Market Preview: CPI Inflation Reports and Delta (DAL) Earnings Amid Iran Conflict

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Brian Armstrong's Bold Prediction: AI Agents Will Soon Dominate Global Financial

Key Highlights

  • First inflation measurements since Iran conflict began: March CPI and February PCE reports scheduled
  • March employment report showed 178,000 new positions, surpassing the 65,000 forecast
  • Crude prices surged more than 50% following war outbreak, pushing gasoline beyond $4 nationwide
  • Delta Air Lines earnings Wednesday will reveal jet fuel expense impact on carrier profitability
  • Major indices snapped five consecutive weeks of declines, climbing at minimum 3%

Investors are preparing for a pivotal week featuring critical inflation measurements, quarterly corporate results, and continued monitoring of the Iran conflict’s economic ramifications.

Last week’s trading session saw the S&P 500 advance 1.6%, while the Dow Jones climbed 1.2%, and the Nasdaq Composite surged 2.2%. The rally ended a five-week decline for all three benchmarks. Year-to-date, the S&P 500 and Dow remain lower by 3.8% and 3.2%, respectively.

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E-Mini S&P 500 Jun 26 (ES=F)

Friday’s employment data for March significantly exceeded analyst projections. The report revealed 178,000 nonfarm payroll additions versus consensus estimates of 65,000. This represented a sharp reversal from February’s 92,000 job losses.

“The message here is equilibrium,” noted Gina Bolvin, president of Bolvin Wealth Management Group. “Robust employment growth diminishes pressure for immediate rate reductions, though it doesn’t alter the overall deceleration pattern.”

Michael Feroli, JPMorgan Chase’s chief US economist, indicated the figures provided “somewhat greater assurance that economic expansion can absorb the current energy cost surge without substantial lasting harm.”

Critical Inflation Measurements Approaching

Thursday delivers the February Personal Consumption Expenditures index, an inflation gauge the Federal Reserve prioritizes. Analyst consensus projects a 0.4% monthly advance and 2.8% annual growth.

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Source: Forex Factory

Friday presents the more significant release: March’s Consumer Price Index. Forecasters anticipate a 0.9% monthly increase and 3.4% annual rise. February’s CPI registered 2.4% annually. This upcoming report represents the initial measurement incorporating Iran war-related pricing effects.

National average gasoline prices exceeded $4 per gallon last week, per AAA data. Goldman Sachs analyst Ben Shumway noted escalating costs are “contributing to further deterioration in consumer sentiment from previously depressed readings.”

Andy Schneider, senior US economist at BNP Paribas, observed that “supply disruptions in the Strait of Hormuz have materialized while tariff impacts continue spreading,” noting that “initial petroleum price transmission will be reflected in March figures.”

Goldman economist Manuel Abecasis characterized the present supply disruption as “less worrisome than previous instances that generated inflation challenges,” pointing to its constrained scope and range.

Corporate Results and Conflict Implications

Delta Air Lines releases quarterly results Wednesday morning before market open. The carrier’s performance will illuminate how elevated aviation fuel expenses are impacting airline sector margins. Constellation Brands and Levi Strauss additionally report during the period.

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Street analysts forecast earnings expansion exceeding 13% across the S&P 500 overall, per FactSet data.

Oil prices have climbed over 50% during the five weeks since hostilities commenced. Shipping activity through the Strait of Hormuz remains virtually nonexistent. Trump conducted a Monday briefing alongside military leadership as his self-established deadline for strait reopening nears.

Capital.com analyst Daniela Hathorn observed that “investors have shifted from pricing in de-escalation scenarios to assessing escalation likelihood.”

Paola Rodriguez-Masiu, Rystad Energy’s chief oil analyst, indicated the temporary cushion that initially contained price increases from pre-conflict petroleum inventories is now depleting.

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The Federal Reserve’s March policy meeting minutes release Wednesday at 2 p.m. ET. Market participants broadly anticipate the Fed will maintain current interest rates at its upcoming April session.

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Odds of a US Invasion of Iran Spike After Trump’s Threat of Escalation

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Iran, US Government, United States, Donald Trump, Oil and Gas, Polymarket

The odds of the United States invading Iran this year surged to 63% on the Polymarket prediction platform on Sunday, following comments made by US President Donald Trump on social media.

Despite the surge, the odds of an invasion before 2027 are still down from the high of 68% on March 29, due to a US troop buildup in the region and comments from the Trump administration that the United States was considering capturing Kharg Island, a major Iranian oil shipping station.

Volume on that prediction was about $3.74 million at the time of publication.

Iran, US Government, United States, Donald Trump, Oil and Gas, Polymarket
Odds of the US invading Iran before 2027 surge to 63%. Source: Polymarket

On Tuesday, after Trump signaled that the US might leave Iran in the next two to three weeks, Bitcoin (BTC) jumped by about 2.6% and the S&P 500 index to added about 2.91%. However, Trump reversed course with his latest statement on Sunday. He wrote:

“Tuesday will be power plant day, and bridge day, all wrapped up in one, in Iran. There will be nothing like it! Open the fuckin’ strait, you crazy bastards, or you’ll be living in hell.”

At last look, BTC was little changed, trading up less than 0.1% in the past 24 hours, remaining anchored around the $67,500 level, according to data from TradingView.

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The mixed signals from the Trump administration on the war and how long it will last continue to create investor uncertainty and an impact on all risk asset prices, as market analysts, traders and economists attempt to forecast the effects of the war.

Iran, US Government, United States, Donald Trump, Oil and Gas, Polymarket
Source: Donald Trump

Related: Polymarket takes down market on missing US pilot after backlash

Trump’s comments draw a wave of online backlash, but asset prices barely budge

“I wish Trump would stop threatening Iranian civilian infrastructure. It’s a lose-lose for us: backing down hurts his negotiating credibility,” economist Peter Schiff said in response to Trump’s comments. 

“Carrying it out escalates the war, damages US standing, generates sympathy for Iran and fuels Iranian hatred for America,” Schiff continued.

“I assumed this was a fake, it isn’t — wild,” podcaster and Bitcoin advocate Peter McCormack said.

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Brent crude oil, the most widely used pricing benchmark for the international spot oil market, remains elevated, closing Thursday at more than $109 per barrel. Trading is scheduled to resume on Monday following the Easter holiday weekend.

Magazine: Inside the Iranian Bitcoin mining industry