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Liquidity Zones and Liquidity Voids: Analysing Price Dynamics

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Liquidity Zones and Liquidity Voids: Analysing Price Dynamics

Liquidity zones are areas where large buy and sell orders cluster, often acting as support or resistance. Liquidity voids (or imbalances) are fast price moves where little trading occurred, and price often returns to fill them.

Traders use liquidity zones to identify entry and exit points, while liquidity voids may help anticipate retracements and continuation moves.

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This article explains how liquidity zones and liquidity voids function in market structure and highlights their role on price charts.

Takeaways

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  • Liquidity zones = high trading activity (support/resistance)
  • Liquidity voids = low activity (fast price moves)
  • Price tends to:
    • move towards liquidity
    • return to fill voids
  • Commonly used with:
    • market structure
    • volume analysis

Liquidity Zones vs Liquidity Voids

Feature

Liquidity Zones

Liquidity Voids

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Activity

High

Low

Price behavior

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Slows / reacts

Moves fast

Role

Support/resistance

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Imbalance

Strategy

Reversals / breakouts

Mean reversion

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Liquidity zones and liquidity voids differ primarily in how order flow is distributed and how price behaves within each environment.

In liquidity zones, trading activity is elevated due to the presence of clustered orders around previous highs, lows, or consolidation ranges. This concentration of liquidity typically causes prices to slow down, rotate, or produce reactions, reinforcing their role as support and resistance areas.

In contrast, liquidity voids form during strong directional moves, leaving behind areas where little trading activity has previously occurred. As a result, when price revisits these regions, it often moves quickly due to the absence of significant opposing orders.

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Liquidity zones are generally associated with reversal or breakout strategies, where traders anticipate interaction between buyers and sellers. Liquidity voids, however, are typically approached with mean reversion expectations, as the market tends to rebalance prior inefficiencies.

Understanding Liquidity in Trading

In trading, liquidity refers to how easily an asset can be bought or sold without significantly affecting its price. High liquidity means there are enough buyers and sellers at a given price level, facilitating smoother transactions. This concept is critical because it affects how quickly and at what price a trader can enter or exit positions.

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Assets with high liquidity tend to have tighter spreads, which may reduce trading costs.

Conversely, assets with low liquidity can experience abrupt price movements due to limited order flow. Understanding liquidity may help traders make decisions.

These dynamics give rise to two important phenomena in trading: liquidity zones and voids. Liquidity zones are areas with a high concentration of trading activity, while liquidity voids represent gaps in the market where trading activity is sparse, each presenting unique conditions for trading strategies.

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What Are Liquidity Zones in Trading?

Liquidity zones (also called liquidity levels) are specific areas on a price chart where trading activity is highly concentrated. These zones indicate areas where large orders can be executed with minimal price impact.

Forex liquidity zones highlight areas where currency pairs tend to see higher activity.

These areas may be useful for identifying reversals or breakouts, providing reference points for entries and exits.

These zones often form around historical price levels where significant trading activity has occurred. They often act as magnets, attracting future price movement due to expected order flow. Liquidity levels are commonly associated with support and resistance. When price approaches these levels, traders can expect increased order flow, which may lead to clearer price reactions.

Liquidity Zones vs Order Blocks

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Feature

Liquidity Zones

Order Blocks

Definition

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Areas on a chart where a large volume of buy and sell orders cluster together.

The last bullish or bearish candle that forms before a strong move in the opposite direction.

Formation

These form gradually as price revisits a level multiple times, allowing resting orders to build up.

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Order blocks form from a single institutional candle that appears just before an impulsive price move.

Size

They tend to cover a wider price range because they reflect accumulated trading activity over time.

They are typically narrower, defined only by the high and low of one specific candle.

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Purpose

They represent areas where price is likely to react due to concentrated supply or demand pressure.

They mark specific price points where institutional traders are thought to have placed large orders.

Usage

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Traders watch for reversals, reactions, or breakouts when the price returns into these broader zones.

Traders look for prices to return to the block and show signs of trend continuation.

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How Traders Identify Liquidity Zones (With Examples)

Traders identify liquidity zones using volume, price structure, and historical levels. Liquidity zone trading depends on accurately identifying areas where trading activity is concentrated. These levels highlight regions of high volume and may act as pivot points for price action.

Volume Profile

This approach uses the volume profile to show where most trading activity has occurred.

Unlike traditional indicators that display volume over time, the volume profile shows volume at specific price levels. This may help traders identify peaks in volume, highlighting areas of significant liquidity.

To use the volume profile tool as we have in the picture above, you can head over to FXOpen’s TickTrader trading platform and search for “Volume Profile Fixed Range” under the Indicators tab.

Price Consolidation Areas

Recognising zones where the price has consolidated for a notable period is another method. These areas represent a tug-of-war between buyers and sellers, resulting in a high volume of trades. Such levels often act as magnets for future price action, making them critical for liquidity area trading.

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Previous Support and Resistance Levels

Historical support and resistance levels are invaluable for spotting zones. These are levels at which significant reversals or pauses in trend have occurred, indicating areas where large volumes of orders may accumulate. When price approaches these levels again, it often does so with increased trading activity, making them prime candidates for liquidity areas.

What Is a Liquidity Void (Imbalance)?

Liquidity voids (imbalances) are rapid price movements where little trading activity occurs between two levels. These gaps can lead to abrupt price changes and are often visible as sharp moves on a chart.

A liquidity void in forex signals an imbalance between buyers and sellers, causing prices to move quickly. This can result in sharp price movement as the market seeks a new equilibrium. These voids often occur after major news releases, during low-liquidity periods, or due to large institutional trades.

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Their impact extends beyond the initial move. They represent areas where the market has not established a consensus price, which may lead to increased volatility later. Prices often return to these areas to “fill” the imbalance and restore balance in the market.

Traders navigate the increased volatility and unpredictability associated with these gaps but can also strategise to take advantage of the potential return to equilibrium.

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How Traders Spot Liquidity Voids (Types of Liquidity Voids)

Liquidity voids can be classified based on where they appear in a trend. Liquidity voids in the forex market manifest in various forms, each with distinct characteristics and implications for traders. Understanding the different types of voids may support traders in navigating these challenging areas. Some notable types of liquidity voids are common, exhaustion, breakout, and runaway. Let’s take a look at them:

Common Liquidity Voids

Common voids appear randomly across charts without any news or event trigger, forming from natural market ebb and flow. They don’t always carry significant analytical value but are still worth monitoring for risk management purposes.

Exhaustion Liquidity Voids

Exhaustion liquidity voids appear at the end of a trend when momentum fades and price makes a final push before reversing. Traders often watch for them as potential signals of a trend reversal.

Breakout Liquidity Voids

Breakout voids form when price breaks through a key support or resistance level with enough force to leave behind an imbalance. They often signal the beginning of a new trend.

Runaway Liquidity Voids

Runaway voids occur within an existing trend and signal its continuation. Price moves sharply in the trend’s direction, bypassing levels where liquidity would normally sit, which may support trend strength confirmation.

How Traders Use Liquidity Zones and Voids

Liquidity zones and voids form the basis of several common trading approaches. Here’s how traders typically work with them.

Step 1: Identify a Liquidity Zone

Traders start by locating areas where price has repeatedly reacted, such as support and resistance levels or high-volume nodes on a volume profile. These clusters of resting orders act as magnets for price.

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Step 2: Wait for a Price Reaction

Rather than acting immediately, traders watch how price behaves when it reaches the zone. Does it stall? Reverse? Push straight through? The reaction tells the story.

Step 3: Look for Confirmation

A reaction alone isn’t enough. Traders look for confirmation through candlestick patterns (like pin bars or engulfing candles) or a shift in market structure, such as a break of a recent swing high or low.

Step 4: Target Nearby Liquidity or a Void

Once confirmed, traders typically set targets at the next liquidity zone or unfilled void. Voids act as areas price is likely to move toward, since they represent unfinished business on the chart.

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In this example, price moves into a liquidity zone, leaving a void behind it. Buyers attempt to push higher but fail, printing a long upper wick and signalling weakening momentum. Price then breaks below the established low and drops to fill the liquidity void left on the way up. A trader could have opened a sell position after the price broke below the low, set a stop-loss level above the nearest swing high, and closed the trade once the liquidity void was filled.

Limitations of Liquidity Zones and Voids

Understanding liquidity zones and voids provides traders with valuable insights into market dynamics, yet relying solely on these concepts comes with limitations. Here are some specific challenges to consider:

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  • Market Volatility: Market volatility can disrupt liquidity patterns, making historical levels less reliable.
  • Influence of External Events: External events such as economic announcements can override expected behaviour.
  • Timeframe Sensitivity: The relevance of zones and voids varies across timeframes, which may affect analysis.
  • False Signals: These patterns can also produce false signals, leading to premature decisions.

The Bottom Line

Liquidity zones and voids may help explain how price moves within the forex market. They highlight areas of trading activity and imbalance, offering insight into potential price behaviour.

However, traders use them alongside other tools due to their limitations.

For traders seeking to apply these insights, opening an FXOpen account could provide a practical platform to explore and leverage the dynamics of liquidity in their trading across hundreds of tradable assets.

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FAQs

What Are Liquidity Zones?

Liquidity zones are areas on a chart where buy and sell orders are concentrated, often acting as support or resistance. Traders monitor these levels to identify potential entry and exit points.

How Are Liquidity Zones Identified in Trading?

Liquidity zones are identified using tools such as volume profile, price consolidation, and historical support and resistance. These methods highlight areas where trading activity is concentrated.

How May Liquidity Zones Be Traded?

Liquidity zones are commonly used to identify potential entry and exit points. Traders monitor price reactions at these levels and may combine them with other tools to refine trading decisions.

What Are Liquidity Voids?

Liquidity voids are areas where price moves quickly due to low trading activity, creating an imbalance. Price often returns to these areas to “fill” the gap and restore market balance.

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This article represents the opinion of the Companies operating under the FXOpen brand only. It is not to be construed as an offer, solicitation, or recommendation with respect to products and services provided by the Companies operating under the FXOpen brand, nor is it to be considered financial advice.

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Crypto funds pull $1.4B in biggest weekly inflow since January: CoinShares report

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Fed fallout slows Crypto ETP inflows to $230 million

Digital asset investment products recorded $1.4 billion in net inflows last week, marking the strongest weekly total since January, according to CoinShares. 

Summary

  • Crypto investment products recorded $1.4 billion in inflows, the strongest weekly total since January this year.
  • Bitcoin led with $1.116 billion, while Ethereum posted $328 million in weekly inflows globally.
  • Total assets under management reached $155 billion as US-based products drove most fund demand.

Meanwhile, the latest reading also extended the streak of positive flows to three consecutive weeks. CoinShares said total assets under management rose to $155 billion during the period. 

Weekly flows accounted for 0.91% of total assets under management, which the report described as the highest weekly intensity seen so far this year.

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Bitcoin investment products attracted the largest share of the new money. CoinShares reported that Bitcoin funds recorded $1.116 billion in inflows last week, lifting year-to-date inflows to $3.1 billion.

The report said Bitcoin’s move above $76,000 during the week helped support market sentiment. CoinShares linked the stronger flows to improving risk appetite as ceasefire extension talks between the US and Iran continued. It also said March CPI data appeared to have had limited effect on investor positioning.

Additionally, Ethereum investment products posted $328 million in inflows, their strongest weekly result since January. That lifted Ethereum’s year-to-date inflows to $197 million and added to signs of improved demand for the asset.

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At the same time, short-Bitcoin products saw just $1.4 million in inflows. This showed that some hedging demand remained in the market, but the scale stayed limited compared with the flows going into long digital asset products.

Regional flows show broad demand with one exception

The United States accounted for most of the weekly inflows. CoinShares said US-based products brought in $1.5 billion during the week, making the country the clear driver of global fund activity.

Germany also recorded positive flows, with $28 million in inflows. Switzerland moved in the opposite direction, posting $138 million in outflows. CoinShares said this was the largest outflow from Switzerland since November and stood out against the broader risk-on trend in digital asset markets.

Other assets posted weaker results than Bitcoin and Ethereum. The report said XRP and Solana products recorded outflows of $56 million and $2.3 million, respectively. Even so, the broader market picture remained positive as total weekly inflows reached their highest level in months.

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Bitcoin (BTC) price drops from recent highs as traders watch CME gap, Kelp fallout: Crypto Markets Today

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Bitcoin (BTC) price drops from recent highs as traders watch CME gap, Kelp fallout: Crypto Markets Today

The crypto market is trading back in familiar territory following a short-lived spike to its highest point since early February on Friday.

Bitcoin is trading a hair under $75,000 while ether (ETH) is at $2,300, both significantly lower than Friday’s highs of $78,300 and $2,460.

One reason for traders to be bullish is that the bitcoin futures market on the CME, a venue favored by institutions, closed at $77,540 on Friday and opened at $74,600 to create “CME gap” that spans 3.8% to the upside. A similar gap occurred last week and was filled before the end of the day on Monday.

The first steps have been taken: Bitcoin’s gained 1.5% since midnight UTC, suggesting sentiment is warming following a volatile weekend.

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The market tumbled over the weekend as shipping through the Strait of Hormuz came to a halt after opening on Friday. The renewed closure led to a jump in the price of crude oil from $78 to $88 per barrel.

This weighed on risk assets, with Nasdaq 100 and S&P 500 futures both down by 0.59% since midnight.

Derivatives positioning

  • Marketwide, crypto open interest (OI) held steady near $120 billion over the past 24 hours. Trading volume, in contrast, jumped 30%, suggesting a surge in activity without a corresponding increase in new positions. That potentially points to increased turnover, short-term positioning or traders rotating risk rather than deploying fresh capital.
  • OI in solana (SOL), bitcoin , ether (ETH) and XRP (XRP) held largely steady. OI in HYPE futures declined by 3% alongside as the price fell, pointing to capital outflows. Elsewhere, OI in AVAX and SP 500 perpetuals rose by 6% to 10%, respectively.
  • OI in AAVE futures surged to a record high of 3.46 million tokens as collateral damage from the weekend exploit of KelpDAO led to rapid withdrawals of from the Aave lending platform.
  • Funding rates tied to BTC, ETH and several other tokens flipped negative, indicating a bias for short positions that would benefit from a price drop in these tokens.
  • BTC and ETH options on Deribit continue to trade pricier than calls in a sign of lingering downside concern.
  • Block flows featured bias for BTC call spreads, which are directional bets, and ether straddles, a volatility play.

Token talk

  • The altcoin sector was rocked by a $292 million exploit of Kelp DAO’s rsETH token over the weekend, leading to contagion risks across the DeFi market.
  • Total value locked (TVL) on Aave dropped from $26.5 billion to $17.5 billion as a result, with the exploit sparking fears of bad debt hitting Aave’s WETH pool, triggering heavy withdrawals and a liquidity crunch.
  • Aave’s token, AAVE, rose 2.2% on Monday after tumbling 22% on Saturday.
  • The bitcoin-dominant CoinDesk 20 (CD20) Index advanced 1% on Monday, outperforming the altcoin-weighted CoinDesk 80 (CD80) and the DeFi Select Index (DFX), which are up by 0.6% and 0.9%, respectively.
  • One particularly volatile token is celestia (TIA), which remains 3.9% down over the past 24 hours even after surging by more than 4% since midnight.
  • CoinMarketCap’s “Altcoin Season” indicator is at 36/100, demonstrating investor preference for bitcoin following Friday’s short-lived breakout.

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Tokenomics Is Mostly Storytelling With Charts

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Tokenomics Is Mostly Storytelling With Charts

In crypto, “tokenomics” is often presented as a rigorous branch of economics—complete with charts, emission schedules, vesting cliffs, and supply-and-demand models that look convincing at first glance.

But beneath the polish, many token models rely less on economic fundamentals and more on narrative engineering. In other words, tokenomics is frequently storytelling… supported by charts that make the story feel real.

This article breaks down three common structural patterns that appear across many token systems.

1. Future Users Funding Current Rewards

One of the most widespread design patterns in token economies is the implicit assumption that future participants will fund today’s rewards.

At first, this appears sustainable:

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  • Early users provide liquidity or activity
  • They are rewarded with tokens
  • The system grows through adoption

But in many cases, the mechanism quietly depends on continuous inflows of new participants to absorb token emissions.

This creates a structural loop:

  • Early users earn rewards in newly minted tokens
  • Those tokens require new demand to maintain value
  • New users enter and effectively “pay” for earlier rewards through dilution or capital inflow

The model works—until it doesn’t. Sustainability is not driven by productivity or revenue, but by a steady expansion of participants willing to buy into the system.

A more honest framing would be:

“This system rewards early activity using future demand that must continuously materialize.”

2. Artificial Scarcity Narratives

Scarcity is one of the most powerful economic concepts in human behavior. Tokenomics often leverages this psychology heavily.

However, not all scarcity is equal.

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Many token models rely on engineered scarcity narratives, such as:

  • Fixed maximum supply figures
  • Burn mechanisms with limited real impact
  • Vesting schedules framed as “supply control.”
  • Staking lockups presented as a reduced circulating supply

On paper, these mechanisms create the impression of limited availability. In practice, scarcity is often temporarily cosmetic, because:

  • New emissions continue through staking rewards or incentives
  • Locked tokens eventually unlock
  • Burns are sometimes offset by ongoing issuance
  • Governance can modify supply rules over time

The result is a paradox:
Scarcity is advertised as structural, but behaves as conditional.

A simple way to think about it:

If supply can expand when incentives require it, scarcity is not a constraint—it is a design choice.

3. Emissions Repackaged as Yield

Perhaps the most misunderstood element of tokenomics is “yield.”

Many protocols advertise attractive APYs, staking rewards, or liquidity incentives. These are often interpreted as “returns,” similar to dividends or interest.

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In reality, a large portion of these rewards comes from token emissions, not revenue generation.

This means:

  • New tokens are created
  • They are distributed to participants
  • The system does not necessarily generate external cash flow to support them

So where does the yield come from?

In many cases:

  • From the dilution of existing holders
  • From speculative inflows required to sustain the token value
  • From temporary incentive budgets designed to bootstrap activity

This creates a subtle reframing:

Emissions are not profit. They are redistribution mechanisms.

Calling emissions “yield” is less financial engineering and more linguistic packaging. It transforms dilution into something that sounds like income.

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Why the Charts Still Work

If these structures are fragile, why do tokenomics models still convince people?

Because they are visually compelling.

Token charts typically include:

  • Emission curves that slope downward over time
  • Supply caps that suggest finality
  • Reward schedules that appear mathematically precise
  • Growth projections that assume continued adoption

These visuals create a sense of inevitability. The design implies that if you understand the chart, you understand the system.

But charts are not guarantees—they are assumptions made visual.

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And assumptions can be optimistic, conservative, or conveniently selective.

The Core Truth Behind Most Token Models

Stripped of narrative, many token systems rely on three foundational beliefs:

  1. There will always be new participants
  2. Demand will eventually outpace emissions
  3. Incentives today will generate value tomorrow

If even one of these assumptions fails, the entire structure can shift from growth model to liquidity extraction mechanism.

That doesn’t mean all tokenomics are flawed. Some systems do evolve into real fee-generating, utility-driven economies.

But it does mean a healthy level of skepticism is warranted when:

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  • Yield looks unusually high
  • Scarcity feels overly emphasized
  • Sustainability depends heavily on continued inflows

Final Thought

Tokenomics is not just math—it is narrative design wrapped in economic language.

And like all narratives, it can be powerful, persuasive, and occasionally misleading.

Or, as a more blunt summary would put it:

If the system needs constant new believers to keep existing rewards meaningful, it’s less a financial model—and more a story that hasn’t hit its final chapter yet.

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Petrodollar System Faces 3 Threats as Yuan Challenges Dollar

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US Dollar Index (DXY) Performance.

The petrodollar system, a global financial arrangement in which most international oil trade is priced and settled in US dollars, faces growing threats amid the US-Iran war.

Under this system, countries that import oil must hold US dollars to pay for it, creating a constant global demand for the currency and reinforcing its role as the world’s dominant reserve currency.

Petrodollar System Faces Mounting Pressure Amid Gulf Disruptions

According to The Wall Street Journal, the United Arab Emirates has initiated discussions with the United States over a potential financial safety net amid escalating risks from the Iran conflict.

Officials said Central Bank Governor Khaled Mohamed Balama raised the possibility of a currency swap line in meetings with Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent and Federal Reserve officials in Washington.

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The talks come as the conflict has disrupted Emirati energy infrastructure and constrained oil exports through the Strait of Hormuz, limiting dollar inflows.

While the UAE has not made a formal request, officials framed the discussions as precautionary. Nonetheless, they also noted that US military action against Iran “entangled their country in a destructive conflict whose effects may not be over.”

“Emirati officials told the US officials that if the UAE runs short of dollars, it may be forced to use Chinese yuan or other countries’ currencies for oil sales and other transactions, some of the officials said. In that scenario is an implicit threat to the US dollar, which reigns supreme among global currencies, partially because of its near-exclusive use in oil transactions,” the WSJ reported.

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In parallel, alternative settlement practices have already emerged. Reports indicated that, in early April, Iran was charging commercial vessels transit fees through the Strait of Hormuz in yuan.

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“While it is unclear how many vessels have made payments in yuan, at least two had done so as of March 25,” Al Jazeera reported, citing Lloyd’s List.

Tehran had also signaled plans to extend these measures to digital assets, including levying Bitcoin-based tanker transit fees as part of a broader effort to bypass traditional financial channels.

All of these developments point to a growing structural threat to the petrodollar system. However, pressure on the system predates the current conflict. 

Deutsche Bank noted that US sanctions on oil exports from Russia and Iran had already led to parallel trading networks that increasingly rely on non-dollar currencies, such as the Chinese yuan. 

Yuan Shift Could Challenge Dollar’s Dominance

Previously, several experts raised concerns about the dollar’s dominance. Bridgewater founder Ray Dalio warned that failing to secure Hormuz could sharply raise the risks to the dollar’s reserve status. 

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Similarly, Balaji Srinivasan argued that an Iranian victory could accelerate the end of multiple geopolitical and financial eras, including the petrodollar system.

Meanwhile, Harvard economist Kenneth Rogoff projects that the Chinese yuan could emerge as a global reserve currency within five years, citing growing investor demand to diversify away from the US dollar.

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Despite these long-term concerns, short-term market dynamics continue to offer intermittent support to the dollar. The dollar index dropped nearly 2% between April 7 and 15 after the US-Iran ceasefire announcement.

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However, renewed uncertainty around the war pushed oil back up, reviving the petrodollar effect.

US Dollar Index (DXY) Performance.
US Dollar Index (DXY) Performance. Source: TradingView

For now, geopolitical tensions are sustaining the petrodollar’s relevance. Yet, structural shifts beneath the surface raise questions about its long-term durability.

The post Petrodollar System Faces 3 Threats as Yuan Challenges Dollar appeared first on BeInCrypto.

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BTC price faces sell-the-news risk after rebound

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BTC price faces sell-the-news risk after rebound

As bitcoin heads into this year’s flagship Bitcoin Conference in Las Vegas next week, traders will be watching for a familiar pattern, a potential “sell-the-news” event that has played out in previous years.

The largest cryptocurrency is trading around $75,000, recovering from a local bottom of around $60,000 in early February after collapsing more than 50% from its October all-time high.

Data from Galaxy Research and Investing.com spanning 2019 to 2025 show the price of bitcoin tends to rise in the run-up to these conferences, delivers a mixed performance during the event and declines substantially afterward.

For instance, bitcoin gained about 3% in the 24 hours before the 2024 event in Nashville (featuring then-presidential candidate Donald Trump) and roughly 10% ahead of the 2019 conference in San Francisco, suggesting positioning builds into peak attention. Price action during the conference is typically subdued as the narrative fails to deliver, and the weakest performance occurs in the days and weeks that follow.

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In the 2022 bear market, often compared to the current 2026 bear market environment, bitcoin fell just 1% during the Miami conference before sliding nearly 30% over several weeks. Similar post-conference weakness was seen in 2019, 2021 and 2023, where any momentum failed to hold.

Even in 2024, when Nashville hosted Trump to outline plans to position the U.S. as a bitcoin superpower, gains during the event were short-lived and marked a local top, just ahead of the yen carry-trade unwind in August that pushed bitcoin as low as $49,000.

Conferences tend to coincide with peaks in attention and liquidity as bullish narratives build up to the event, creating conditions for investors to unwind positions.

With sentiment still fragile and prices recovering from deep losses, the key question for 2026 is whether Bitcoin Vegas will once again act as an exit liquidity event.

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Two Different Approaches to Quantum Threats

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Two Different Approaches to Quantum Threats

The quantum divide between Bitcoin and Ethereum

Quantum computing has long been viewed as a distant, largely theoretical threat to blockchain systems. However, that perspective is now starting to change.

With major technology companies such as Google establishing timelines for post-quantum cryptography, and crypto researchers re-examining long-held assumptions, the discussion is shifting from abstract theory to concrete planning.

However, Bitcoin and Ethereum, two major blockchain networks, are addressing the quantum computing threat in different ways. Both networks depend on cryptographic systems that could, in principle, be compromised by sufficiently powerful quantum computers. However, their approaches to addressing this shared vulnerability are evolving in markedly different directions.

This divergence, often referred to as the “quantum gap,” has less to do with mathematics and more to do with how each network handles change, coordination and long-term security.

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Did you know? Quantum computers do not need to break every wallet at once. They only need access to exposed public keys, which means older Bitcoin addresses that have already transacted could theoretically be more vulnerable than unused ones.

Why quantum computing matters for blockchains

Blockchains rely heavily on public-key cryptography, particularly elliptic curve cryptography (ECC). This framework allows users to derive a public address from a private key, enabling secure transactions while keeping sensitive information protected.

If quantum computers achieve sufficient scale and capability, they could fundamentally weaken this foundation. Algorithms such as Shor’s algorithm could, in theory, allow quantum systems to compute private keys directly from public keys, thereby jeopardizing wallet ownership and overall transaction security.

The consensus among most researchers is that cryptographically relevant quantum computers are still years or even decades away. Nevertheless, blockchain platforms present a distinct challenge. They cannot be updated instantaneously. Any substantial migration requires extensive coordination, rigorous testing and broad adoption over multiple years.

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This situation highlights a key paradox: Although the threat is not pressing in the near term, preparation needs to begin well in advance.

External pressure is accelerating the debate

The discussion has moved well beyond crypto-native communities. In March 2026, Google announced a target timeline to transition its systems to post-quantum cryptography by 2029. It cautioned that quantum computers pose a significant threat to existing encryption and digital signatures.

This development is particularly relevant for blockchain systems because digital signatures play a fundamental role in verifying ownership. While encryption is vulnerable to “store-now, decrypt-later” attacks, digital signatures face a distinct risk. If compromised, they could increase the risk of unauthorized asset transfers.

As major institutions begin preparing for quantum resilience, blockchain networks face growing pressure to outline their own mitigation strategies. This is where the differences between Bitcoin and Ethereum become more apparent.

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Did you know? The term “post-quantum cryptography” does not refer to quantum technology itself. It refers to classical algorithms designed to resist quantum attacks, allowing existing computers to defend against future quantum capabilities without requiring quantum hardware.

Bitcoin’s approach: Conservative and incremental

Bitcoin’s approach to quantum risk is guided by its core philosophy: minimize changes, maintain stability and avoid introducing unnecessary complexity at the base layer.

One of the most widely discussed proposals in this context is Bitcoin Improvement Proposal 360 (BIP-360), which introduces the concept of Pay-to-Merkle-Root (P2MR). Instead of fundamentally altering Bitcoin’s cryptographic foundations, the proposal seeks to limit exposure by changing the structure of certain transaction outputs.

The objective is not to achieve full quantum resistance for Bitcoin in a single move. Rather, it aims to create a pathway for adopting more secure transaction types while preserving backward compatibility with the existing system.

This approach mirrors the broader mindset within the Bitcoin community. Discussions often reflect extended time horizons, ranging from five years to several decades. The community is focused on ensuring that any changes do not undermine Bitcoin’s core principles: decentralization and predictability.

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Nevertheless, this strategy has attracted criticism. Some argue that delaying more comprehensive measures could leave the network vulnerable if quantum advances arrive faster than expected. Others contend that making hasty changes could introduce avoidable risks into a system designed for long-term resilience.

Ethereum’s approach: Roadmap-driven and adaptive

Ethereum, by contrast, is pursuing a more proactive and structured strategy. The Ethereum ecosystem has begun formalizing a post-quantum roadmap that treats the challenge as a multi-layered system upgrade rather than a single technical adjustment.

A key element in Ethereum’s approach is “cryptographic agility,” which refers to the ability to replace core cryptographic primitives without undermining the stability of the network. This aligns with Ethereum’s broader design philosophy, which emphasizes flexibility and continuous iterative improvement.

The roadmap covers multiple layers:

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  • Execution layer: Investigating account abstraction and alternative signature schemes that can support post-quantum cryptography.

  • Consensus layer: Assessing replacements for validator signature mechanisms, including hash-based options.

  • Data layer: Modifying data availability structures to ensure security in a post-quantum setting.

Ethereum developers have positioned post-quantum security as a long-term strategic priority, with timelines extending toward the end of the decade.

In contrast to Bitcoin’s incremental proposals, Ethereum’s approach resembles a staged migration plan. The goal is not immediate rollout but gradual preparation, allowing the network to transition when the threat becomes more concrete.

Why Bitcoin and Ethereum are taking different approaches to the quantum threat

The divergent approaches of Bitcoin and Ethereum are not a coincidence. They arise from fundamental differences in architecture, governance and philosophy.

Bitcoin’s base layer design emphasizes robustness and predictability, fostering a cautious attitude toward significant upgrades. Any change must meet a high bar for consensus and, even then, is usually limited in scope.

Ethereum, by contrast, has a track record of coordinated upgrades and protocol evolution. From the shift to proof-of-stake to ongoing scaling improvements, the network has demonstrated a willingness to execute complex changes when needed.

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This distinction shapes how each network views the quantum threat. Bitcoin generally sees it as a remote risk that warrants careful, minimal intervention. Ethereum treats it as a systems-level issue that requires early planning and architectural adaptability.

In this context, the “quantum gap” is less about disagreement over the nature of the threat and more about how each ecosystem defines responsible preparation.

Did you know? Some early Bitcoin transactions reused addresses multiple times, unintentionally increasing their exposure. Modern wallet practices discourage address reuse partly because of long-term risks such as quantum attacks, even though the threat is not immediate.

An unresolved challenge for both Bitcoin and Ethereum

Despite their differing strategies, neither Bitcoin nor Ethereum has fully resolved the quantum threat.

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Bitcoin continues to examine various proposals and weigh trade-offs, yet no clear migration path has been formally adopted. Ethereum, although more advanced in its planning, still faces substantial technical and coordination hurdles before its roadmap can be fully implemented.

Several open questions remain relevant to both ecosystems:

  • How to migrate existing assets protected by vulnerable cryptography

  • How to coordinate upgrades within decentralized communities

  • How to balance backward compatibility and forward security

These difficulties underscore the complexity of the issue. Post-quantum security represents more than a technical upgrade. It is also a test of long-term adaptability, governance and coordination.

Could security posture influence market narratives?

As institutional interest in quantum risk continues to grow, differences in preparedness could eventually shape how markets assess blockchain networks.

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The reasoning is simple: A network that demonstrates greater adaptability to threats may be viewed as more resilient over the long term.

However, this idea remains largely speculative. Because quantum threats are still seen as a long-term concern, any near-term market effects are more likely to stem from narrative than from concrete technical developments.

Nevertheless, the fact that the discussion is now entering institutional research and broader public discourse suggests that it could become a more prominent consideration in the future.

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Michael Saylor Hints at Bigger Bitcoin Buys After Floating Semi-Monthly Dividends

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Michael Saylor hints at another significant Bitcoin purchase. Discover the company's latest BTC buying history and strategy.

Michael Saylor signaled on social media that Strategy is on the verge of announcing another Bitcoin purchase, posting a chart of the company’s full BTC buying history with noticeably larger circles marking recent acquisitions.

The timing matters: Strategy already executed a record single-day buy exceeding $1 billion in BTC just before the tease, and with $2.25 billion in cash reserved, the scale of what comes next is the only open question.

Simultaneously, the company, formerly MicroStrategy and now the largest corporate Bitcoin holder on the planet, floated a proposal to convert its STRC preferred stock from monthly to semi-monthly dividend payments, a structural capital markets refinement that analysts say could significantly broaden institutional demand for the instrument.

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Key Takeaways:
  • Purchase incoming: Saylor shared a chart of Strategy’s BTC buying history with larger recent circles, signaling acceleration – another buy announcement is imminent.
  • Dividend proposal: Strategy is floating semi-monthly payments for its STRC preferred stock, with shareholder voting closing June 8, 2026; first record date June 30, first payment July 15.
  • STRC mechanics: Annualized yield stays fixed at 11.5%; switching to twice-monthly payments targets halved ex-dividend drawdowns, tighter liquidity patterns, and better collateral utility.
  • Market signal: With BTC above $76,000 and $2.25 billion in cash reserved, Strategy’s dual move – more BTC plus refined shareholder returns – is a compounding demand signal for the spot market.

What Saylor Dual Signal Actually Means for Strategy’s Bitcoin Capital Stack

The STRC preferred series – branded “Stretch” – launched in mid-2024 at an 11.5% annualized yield, initially paying monthly dividends funded in part by Bitcoin treasury yields.

Michael Saylor hints at another significant Bitcoin purchase. Discover the company's latest BTC buying history and strategy.
Source: Strategy STRC

Volatility on the instrument has collapsed from 13% in its first eight months to 2.1% over the past two months, a compression driven by surging institutional demand that has pushed outstanding notional value to $6.4 billion.

The semi-monthly proposal doesn’t change the yield – 11.5% annualized remains fixed – but splits payment cadence to record dates on the 15th and last day of each month, pending Nasdaq compliance review and dual approval from both STRC holders and MSTR common shareholders.

Saylor’s stated rationale: “The proposed changes are intended to stabilize price, dampen cyclicality, drive liquidity, and grow demand.” He added the team views semi-monthly as “twice as good” as monthly for the instrument.

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If approved, STRC would be the only preferred security or equity globally paying dividends twice monthly , a structural differentiator that improves collateral utility for borrowing and tightens haircuts for institutional holders using it as leverage collateral.

That’s not a minor footnote. Better collateral terms mean more institutional capital can rotate into STRC without consuming as much balance sheet, which expands the buyer pool at the exact moment Saylor is telegraphing another large BTC purchase. The feedback loop here is deliberate: more demand for STRC funds more capital raises, which fund more BTC accumulation, which backstops the yield instrument.

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BIS Warns on Stablecoin Risks, Urges Global Coordination

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Coinbase, Japan, Switzerland, ECB, United Kingdom, BIS, Stablecoin

The Bank for International Settlements (BIS) general manager, Pablo Hernández de Cos, called for tighter global coordination on stablecoins Monday, warning that US dollar-denominated tokens could have “material consequences” for financial stability and economic policy if they grow large enough to rival traditional money. 

Speaking at a Bank of Japan seminar in Tokyo, he said current stablecoin arrangements fall short of what is needed for a widely used means of payment, even if they offer faster cross-border transfers and integration with smart contracts.

De Cos said the largest US dollar stablecoins, such as USDt (USDT) and USDC (USDC), share characteristics with investment products rather than cash-like money, pointing to fees and conditions on primary market redemptions and episodes where their prices diverge from par in secondary markets. 

In his view, these features make the tokens behave more like exchange-traded funds (ETFs), while still creating run and contagion risks because issuers hold short-term government debt and bank deposits as reserve assets. In a stress episode, he warned, rapid outflows from stablecoins could force sales of those reserves into already strained markets or transmit funding pressure to banks.

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The warning comes as policymakers globally debate how to regulate fast-growing stablecoins and other tokenized money-like instruments.

Coinbase, Japan, Switzerland, ECB, United Kingdom, BIS, Stablecoin
Stablecoins: framing the debate. Source: BIS

He added that the use of public, permissionless blockchains and unhosted wallets means a significant share of activity sits outside conventional Anti-Money Laundering and Counter-Terrorism Financing controls, making stablecoins attractive for illicit use unless bespoke safeguards are implemented at on- and off-ramps.

Europe sharpens its stablecoin stance

The speech comes as European policymakers push for tighter control of non-euro stablecoins and other tokenized money-like instruments.

Earlier this month, Bank of France First Deputy Governor Denis Beau urged the European Union to go beyond the original Markets in Crypto Assets Regulation text by limiting the use of non-euro-denominated stablecoins in everyday payments, tightening rules on issuing the same coin inside and outside the bloc to reduce regulatory arbitrage in times of stress. 

Related: EU central bank backs plan for crypto supervision under EU markets watchdog

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In parallel, the European Central Bank has contrasted euro stablecoins with tokenized money market funds, noting that both perform liquidity transformation and are exposed to run risk, but operate under different transparency, liquidity management and regulatory regimes that can shape how stress feeds into funding markets.

Other major jurisdictions are also recalibrating their approaches. In the United Kingdom, members of the House of Lords questioned Coinbase in March over whether stablecoins could drain commercial bank deposits, trigger Silicon Valley Bank-style runs and facilitate crime, as the government finalizes a bespoke regime for fiat-backed tokens. 

In Switzerland, UBS and several domestic peers launched a franc-denominated stablecoin pilot in a sandbox environment on April 8, in an effort to explore blockchain-based franc payments while keeping the instruments firmly anchored in the regulated financial system.

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