Gold witnessed a sharp correction last week, with London spot prices declining more than 33 percent from their all-time high of $5,594 recorded at the end of January 2026. In the domestic market, MCX gold has also fallen significantly, correcting by over 23 percent during the same period. The selloff comes after a strong rally over the past two years, which pushed prices to record highs amid geopolitical tensions and macroeconomic uncertainty. However, the recent weakness reflects changing global cues, particularly a strong US dollar and expectations of further monetary tightening. While the declines have rattled investors, the larger question remains whether this is a temporary correction or a shift toward a deeper bearish trend.

Why gold prices corrected so much

The sharp correction in gold prices can largely be attributed to a combination of fundamental pressures and technical factors. A stronger US dollar has reduced the appeal of gold for global investors, while rising US bond yields have increased the opportunity cost of holding a non-yielding asset like gold. At the same time, expectations of further interest rate hikes by the US Federal Reserve have weighed heavily on sentiment. From a technical perspective, gold had rallied significantly over the past two years, leading to overbought conditions. This triggered profit booking and liquidation of long positions, amplifying the downward move.

Why the US dollar is so strong

The US dollar has remained firm due to relative economic resilience in the United States and expectations of tighter monetary policy. Strong labour market data, stable consumption trends, and persistent inflation have supported the dollar’s strength. Additionally, elevated US bond yields continue to attract global capital flows into dollar-denominated assets. Safe-haven demand has also played a role, as investors have preferred holding dollars amid global uncertainties. A stronger dollar typically moves inversely to gold, as it makes the yellow metal more expensive for holders of other currencies, thereby pressuring prices further.

Expectations of US Fed policy outlook

Markets are currently pricing in the possibility of multiple Fed rate hikes or at least a prolonged period of higher interest rates. Persistent inflation concerns have forced the Fed to maintain a cautious stance, delaying expectations of monetary easing. Higher interest rates support bond yields and strengthen the dollar, both of which are negative for gold. The lack of clarity on the timing of potential rate cuts has further contributed to volatility in bullion prices. Until there is a clear shift in the Fed’s policy stance toward easing, gold may continue to face intermittent pressure in the near term.

Impact of easing geopolitical tensions

The ceasefire developments between the US and Iran have reduced immediate geopolitical risks, leading to a decline in the safe-haven premium embedded in gold prices. Earlier, geopolitical tensions had driven strong inflows into bullion as investors sought protection against uncertainty. However, with oil prices returning to pre-war levels and tensions easing, this premium has largely evaporated. While geopolitical risks have not disappeared entirely, the immediate urgency has diminished, contributing to the recent correction. This highlights gold’s sensitivity to global risk sentiment and shifting macro narratives.

Role of central bank demand

Despite the correction, central bank demand for gold remains a strong supportive factor. Emerging market central banks have been steadily increasing their gold reserves as part of diversification strategies away from the US dollar. This structural demand provides a solid floor for prices during periods of volatility. Even during corrections, central bank buying tends to absorb some of the selling pressure, preventing deeper declines. Over the medium to long term, continued accumulation by central banks is likely to support gold prices and reinforce its role as a strategic reserve asset.

Outlook: Correction or bearish trend?

The current fall in gold appears to be more of a technical correction rather than the beginning of a structural bear market. The rally over the past two years was driven by strong macro fundamentals, and the recent decline is largely a result of profit booking and changing short-term liquidity conditions. While further corrections cannot be ruled out in the near term, the broader outlook remains constructive. Factors such as potential economic slowdown, geopolitical uncertainties, and eventual monetary policy easing are likely to support gold prices over the medium term.

What should investors do at higher levels?

Investors who have entered at higher levels should avoid panic selling and instead adopt a disciplined approach. Given that the correction appears technical, long-term investors can continue to hold their positions. Accumulating gold through a systematic investment approach (SIP) and adding on dips can help average down costs. However, caution is advised in aggressively deploying capital at current levels due to ongoing volatility. A staggered buying strategy remains the most prudent approach in the current environment.

Domestic outlook and role of INR

In the domestic market, gold prices are expected to remain relatively supported despite global weakness, largely due to currency movements. A weaker Indian Rupee against the US dollar tends to cushion declines in international prices, keeping domestic prices elevated. Additionally, demand is likely to pick up during the upcoming festive and wedding seasons in India, providing further support. Seasonal demand, combined with currency depreciation, could help stabilize domestic gold prices even if global markets remain volatile, making India a relatively stronger market for gold.

(Hareesh V is Head of Commodity Research, Geojit Investments Limited)

(Disclaimer: Recommendations, suggestions, views and opinions given by the experts are their own. These do not represent the views of The Economic Times)