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ERC-7943 Author Says Institutions Can’t Play Defi’s ‘Pirate Game’

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ERC-7943 Author Says Institutions Can’t Play Defi’s ‘Pirate Game’

For years, crypto has thrived on speculative capital flows and the explosive popularity of decentralized finance (DeFi) tokens and applications.

That still holds true for rising sectors such as perpetual decentralized exchanges and prediction markets. But as Wall Street pushes deeper into tokenized real-world assets (RWAs), not all of the industry’s existing systems cater to the kinds of financial products institutions want to bring onchain.

An author of the newly finalized ERC-7943 (uRWA) token standard said that the fragmented infrastructure powering much of DeFi wasn’t designed for regulated financial assets, which often require identity frameworks and interoperability standards.

“If you want to bring regulated assets onchain, you can’t really escape regulations,” Dario Lo Buglio, co-founder and head of blockchain at tokenization platform Brickken, told Cointelegraph. 

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“You can still play your pirate game on DeFi without regulated assets.”

DeFi veterans have been wary of freezing functions in tokens, but the same controls appeal to institutions. Source: ethereum.org

Existing standards don’t cover every RWA use case

Another token standard, the ERC-3643 — also known as the T-REX or Token for Regulated Exchanges — is one of the dominant frameworks used for tokenized securities on Ethereum.

The standard already includes many of the compliance-oriented features institutions require, like identity-based permissions and mechanisms that allow issuers to intervene under specific circumstances.

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The framework was designed primarily around securities and does not necessarily translate across the broader range of tokenized assets now entering blockchain markets, Lo Buglio said. Thus, interoperability is increasingly difficult as more institutions experiment with bringing traditional financial products onchain.

“As tokenization becomes easier, the harder problem is making those assets work across different compliance systems, custodians, exchanges, wallets and institutional platforms,” Markus Levin, co-founder of XYO, told Cointelegraph.

Levin said standards such as uRWA could help standardize how tokenized assets carry information tied to identity, permissions, compliance requirements and transfer rules across Ethereum-based systems.

“Done well, that makes regulated assets far easier to move, verify and integrate without every institution building its own isolated infrastructure,” he said.

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Tokenized RWAs grew from roughly $6.4 billion at the start of 2025 to about $34 billion as of Thursday, according to RWA.xyz data. Standard Chartered estimates this value to pop to $2 trillion by the end of 2028, while the Boston Consulting Group projects $18.9 trillion by 2033.

In measurements that classify stablecoins as RWAs, the total market capitalization is approaching $340 billion. Source: RWA.xyz 

Related: Wall Street’s tokenization boom has a liquidity problem: Axis CEO

Levin added that institutions have largely prioritized assets with predictable cash flows, real yield and established legal structures.

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“The market is tokenizing what benefits most from faster settlement, programmable collateral and lower operational friction,” he said.

Privacy as the next institutional requirement

Privacy remains another major obstacle for institutions experimenting with onchain finance, particularly for firms unwilling to expose portfolio activity or transaction flows on public blockchains.

“We don’t want BlackRock listing their entire portfolio onchain transparently to everyone, but they still want to transact onchain,” he said.

BlackRock’s institutional liquidity fund is worth about $2.5 billion. Source: RWA.xyz

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Related: DeFi hacks shake institutional confidence as risks outpace yields

Lo Buglio argued that many existing tokenization frameworks were originally designed around public Ethereum-based systems and do not always translate cleanly to privacy-oriented chains, where transaction models and data structures often differ from traditional EVM environments.

Canton Network, which was launched with backing from firms including Goldman Sachs, Microsoft and Cboe Global Markets, was designed around privacy-preserving financial coordination between institutions.

Unlike public blockchains where transaction activity is broadly visible across the network, Canton allows data to remain visible only to relevant participants while still synchronizing settlement between institutions.

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Its architecture has irked some developers who argue the network lacks key characteristics associated with public blockchains, including a globally shared state.

The debate reflects a growing divide between crypto-native DeFi infrastructure and the types of blockchain systems many large financial firms appear more willing to adopt for regulated assets.

AI agents may push RWAs beyond TradFi

Much of the current conversation around tokenized RWA has centered on banks and institutional systems. But some builders believe the infrastructure now being developed for RWAs could eventually branch out to machine-driven financial systems.

“As AI agents begin to move capital autonomously, they will need assets that exist on-chain in a form they can read and act on,” Taran Dhillon, head of digital assets at tokenization company Kula, told Cointelegraph.

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According to Dhillon, many productive RWAs still remain largely disconnected from automated financial systems because they lack standardized digital infrastructure.

“The standards being built today need to work across jurisdictions and asset classes, not just within the existing corridors of established financial markets,” he said.

Lo Buglio similarly argued that ERC-7943 was designed less as a single dominant implementation and more as a framework allowing tokenized assets to move across increasingly interconnected blockchain environments.

ERC-7943 moved to the “final” stage in its Ethereum Improvement Proposal process on Wednesday, meaning developers can deploy contracts based on the standard without expecting further specification changes. The next phase will likely focus on adoption across tokenized asset platforms.

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The emergence of another tokenization standard may not immediately solve the lack of standardization issue it aims to address.

Lo Buglio acknowledged that ERC-7943 was intentionally designed as a more flexible and less “opinionated” framework than some earlier standards.

Large financial institutions and blockchain developers continue to experiment with proprietary infrastructure and custom compliance systems.

Magazine: Big Questions: Do we really only need 2–5 cryptocurrencies?

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Kraken Prop: Inside the Funded-Trader Program a $20B Exchange Built to Feed Its IPO Push

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Kraken Prop: Inside the Funded-Trader Program a $20B Exchange Built to Feed Its IPO Push

Kraken switched on Kraken Prop on May 27, 2026, becoming the first major crypto exchange to run a retail, evaluation-based proprietary-trading program directly inside its own platform. The product lets traders pass a paid skills test, receive up to $200,000 in funded capital, and keep as much as 90% of the profits — without risking their own balance. It is also the clearest signal yet of where Kraken is taking its business ahead of a long-telegraphed public listing.

The launch is not a standalone experiment. It is the consumer-facing output of an acquisition Kraken closed in September 2025, wired into a Kraken Pro platform that the company has spent roughly $2 billion building out through an aggressive 2025–2026 M&A run. To understand Kraken Prop, you have to understand three things: the product mechanics, the team Kraken bought to build it, and the corporate strategy it serves.

Kraken Prop, by the numbers

Kraken Prop is operated by Payward Oceanic Ltd, a Kraken subsidiary, and is built into Kraken Pro. The mechanics inherit directly from Breakout, the firm Kraken acquired to power it.

Feature Detail
Launch date May 27, 2026
Operator Payward Oceanic Ltd (Kraken subsidiary)
Where it runs Inside Kraken Pro
Account sizes $5,000 – $200,000 across 6 wallet tiers
Evaluation fee From $20, non-refundable (refunded on first withdrawal, per Breakout)
Profit split 80% standard; 90% via upgrade (+20% of the base evaluation fee)
Markets 60+ crypto pairs, traded as perpetuals (BTC, ETH, altcoins)
Leverage Up to 5x (5:1 on BTC/ETH; 2:1 on altcoins)
Account rules No time limit, no consistency rule, no profit cap, no strategy restrictions
Funding speed Roughly 12–24 hours after passing
Payouts On-demand, typically within 24 hours, paid in USDC
Max funded capital $200,000 aggregate per trader
Platform Breakout Terminal only (no MT4, MT5, or TradingView)
Regulatory status Described as unregulated

The structure is deliberately permissive by prop-firm standards. Most evaluation firms layer on consistency rules, minimum trading days, and profit caps; Kraken Prop applies none of those. A trader buys an evaluation, hits a profit target without breaching the drawdown limit, and gets funded — often, on the one-step path, on the strength of a single strong trade. The trade-offs are the platform lock to the Breakout Terminal, leverage capped well below offshore-derivatives norms, and an aggregate funding ceiling of $200,000.

Why now: the strategy behind the launch

Kraken Prop arrives in the middle of the most consequential stretch in Kraken’s 15-year history.

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Under co-CEOs Arjun Sethi and David Ripley, Kraken has been assembling an “any asset, anytime” trading platform and lining up to go public. In November 2025 the company raised $800 million across two tranches at a $20 billion valuation — up roughly a third from the $15 billion mark it carried just two months earlier. The investor list read like a TradFi-meets-crypto roster: Jane Street, DRW Venture Capital, HSG, Citadel Securities (which added a strategic $200 million in the second tranche), and Germany’s Deutsche Börse, which took a 1.5% stake for about $200 million. Kraken confidentially filed its S-1 with the SEC on November 19, 2025, targeting a Q1 2026 IPO — a timeline the company later paused amid choppy market conditions, with parent Payward reported in May 2026 to be raising again at the same $20 billion level.

The financial backdrop explains the urgency. Kraken posted $1.5 billion in 2024 revenue and, by Q3 2025, was reporting record quarterly revenue of $648 million (up 50% quarter-over-quarter) and adjusted EBITDA of roughly $178.6 million, on platform volume near $577 billion. The company has guided toward $2.5 billion-plus in 2025 revenue. For an exchange courting public-market investors, every new revenue line and every sign of product breadth matters.

That product breadth has been bought, not just built. Kraken’s 2025–2026 acquisition spree is the strategic spine Kraken Prop hangs from:

  • NinjaTrader — $1.5 billion (announced March 20, 2025): the largest TradFi-crypto deal on record, bringing a CFTC-registered futures brokerage with around 2 million retail traders. It led to the launch of CME-listed futures via Kraken Derivatives US in July 2025.
  • Bitnomial — $550 million (announced April 17, 2026; closing in H1 2026): a US-regulated derivatives stack — a designated contract market, clearinghouse, and futures commission merchant — folded into the Payward Services B2B arm.
  • Plus tuck-ins including Small Exchange (~$100 million), Capitalise.ai, and stablecoin-payments firm Reap, layered on earlier deals for Cryptowatch, CF Benchmarks, Crypto Facilities, and Staked.

Sethi has framed each step as a piece of one machine. He described NinjaTrader as the first move toward an institutional-grade platform where any asset can be traded at any time. Kraken Prop slots into that thesis as a customer-acquisition engine: a low-cost, skill-based on-ramp that pulls ambitious traders into the Kraken ecosystem, where they can graduate to perpetuals, spot, and derivatives. Sethi cast the Breakout model as a way to build systems that reward “demonstrated performance, not pedigree.”

The acquisition that made it possible

Kraken did not build its prop program in-house. On September 4, 2025 (operationally effective September 1), it announced the acquisition of Breakout, a crypto-native prop firm legally organized as Breakout Trading Group, LLC and headquartered in Tampa, Florida. Terms were not disclosed.

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Breakout was a fast, capital-efficient story. Founded in 2023, it raised a single $4.5 million seed round in July 2024, led by RockawayX with participation from Mechanism Capital, IOBC Capital, C² Ventures, and Round13 Capital — six investors in total, per Crunchbase and CB Insights. By the time Kraken stepped in, Breakout had issued more than 20,000 funded accounts since 2023 and carried high-4s ratings on Trustpilot. The deal made Kraken the first crypto exchange to enter retail prop trading, pairing an exchange’s liquidity and infrastructure with an evaluation-based funding model.

The founders: who actually built Breakout

The user-facing program is new, but the people behind it are not newcomers. Breakout’s leadership is unusually credentialed for the prop space, and the strategy reflects that.

Alex Miningham — co-founder and CEO. A Tampa-based serial entrepreneur (FSU College of Business; MBA), Miningham had been building startups since 2008 before crypto. He exited three companies — inDegree (to HEPdata, 2013), Discount Park and Ride (to LocoMobi, 2016), and a beverage-alcohol e-commerce business (to SevenFifty Technologies, 2020, mid-COVID). He entered crypto in 2017 via Bitcoin and Ethereum, then spent two and a half years as a general partner at seed-stage blockchain fund Ascensive Assets, where by his own account the team reviewed roughly 3,000 projects in about 30 months and invested in 14 or 15. That investor’s-eye view shaped how he diligenced the prop opportunity.

Dylan Loomer (“TraderMayne”) — co-founder. A UBC graduate and trader active in crypto and global markets since 2013, Loomer is the public face of Breakout and one of the more recognizable voices on Crypto Twitter. He brought the original prop-firm idea to Miningham in early 2023 and seeded Breakout’s first cohort of traders through his own community. Miningham has credited Loomer’s instincts on community-building and distribution as central to early onboarding.

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“Cred” (CryptoCred) — strategy lead. A widely followed educator known for years of free trading content, Cred became Breakout’s behind-the-scenes strategist. Two of the company’s most important calls were his: the decision to abandon FX early and go all-in on crypto, and the one-step evaluation plan that became the firm’s growth catalyst.

“Adam” (abetrade) — Head of Trading. A market-microstructure specialist with long experience in the prop industry, Adam architected Breakout’s most important technical shift — the migration from a B-book to an A-book model (more on that below).

Miningham and Loomer bootstrapped Breakout with their own capital for nine months before raising outside money, using that time to choose what to white-label, what to build, and whom to hire. The full team was assembled by November 2023, when Breakout launched.

The strategy behind Breakout’s model

Breakout’s edge was not leverage or account size. It was trust — built deliberately as a competitive moat in a category Miningham has described as “riddled with scams, rug pulls, and inexperienced operators.”

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Four strategic decisions defined the firm:

  • Near-zero arbitrary rules. Where many FX prop firms used profit caps, news-trading bans, and convoluted restrictions to deny winners their payouts, Breakout stripped the rulebook down and let traders trade how they wanted, in both the evaluation and the funded stage.
  • A clean payout record. Breakout’s central marketing claim — that it has never denied a payout to a funded trader — became its defining brand asset. Because the firm doesn’t custody user capital, a trader’s only downside is the evaluation fee.
  • B-book to A-book migration. Over the 18 months after launch, the team built its own risk engine and admin system to route funded trades to live markets (A-book) rather than paying winners off the company balance sheet (B-book). That aligned Breakout’s incentives with its traders’ success and gave traders confidence the money would be there.
  • The one-step evaluation. Collapsing a two-step process into a single pass — sometimes achievable on one good trade — unlocked a wave of participation and pushed growth into hockey-stick territory. A 2024 affiliate program across APAC, Europe, and North America compounded it.

Crucially, Miningham came to see Breakout less as a destination than as a “stepping stone” — a top-of-funnel that builds a trader’s bankroll before they graduate to perps, spot, and more complex strategies. That framing is precisely why Kraken was the right acquirer: the prop program feeds the exchange. Sethi, for his part, has described Breakout’s model as a filter for scalable signal — a way to allocate capital on proof of skill rather than access to it.

The prop-trading boom, in data

Kraken is buying into a category that has exploded — and one where the published outcome data is sobering.

Market size and growth. Multiple 2025 market overviews, aggregated by WorldMetrics, put the global proprietary-trading-firm industry at roughly $20 billion, spread across 2,000-plus firms, with an estimated 60–65% headquartered in the United States. Demand has surged: per Google Trends analysis compiled by FinTechStatistic, search interest in prop firms rose about 607% between 2020 and 2024, and monthly searches for “prop firm” reached roughly 49,500 by late 2025, up from about 880 in January 2020 — a more-than-50x jump in five years. Search interest in “proprietary trading” climbed an estimated 1,264% between December 2015 and April 2024.

Where Kraken Prop sits in the competitive landscape

Kraken’s move is distinctive because no other major exchange runs retail evaluation-based prop directly. Coinbase bought derivatives venue Deribit but did not enter retail prop. Crypto.com and Coincheck have focused on licensing and brokerage. Institutional prop desks like Jump Crypto and Cumberland operate in a different, professional tier.

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That leaves Kraken Prop competing mainly against crypto-native retail funding platforms. The closest comparable is HyroTrader, which routes funded trading through the Bybit API, settles in USDT/USDC, scales profit splits up to 90%, and pays out in under 24 hours. Other players in the crypto-funding niche include Fondeo.xyz — a US-based (Sheridan, Wyoming) firm built by crypto and prop veterans that offers up to $200,000 in virtual capital, profit shares up to 90%, a 24-hour payout guarantee, and more than $1 million in cumulative payouts — alongside Crypto Fund Trader, Tradeify, BrightFunded, and ThinkCapital. Kraken’s differentiator is institutional backing: an exchange’s balance sheet, liquidity, and (pending) public-company scrutiny behind the funded accounts.

What traders should weigh

The program’s strengths are real — clean rules, fast USDC payouts, an exchange’s infrastructure, and a first-withdrawal refund of the evaluation fee. A few honest counterweights belong in the same frame:

  • Evaluation fees are non-refundable unless and until a trader funds and withdraws; industry pass rates suggest most buyers never get there.
  • Kraken describes the program as unregulated, distinct from its licensed exchange and derivatives businesses.
  • Leverage is modest (up to 5x) and traders are locked to the Breakout Terminal, with no MT4/MT5/TradingView support and a $200,000 aggregate funding ceiling.

None of that is unusual for the category, but it frames Kraken Prop as a skills-and-discipline product, not a shortcut to easy capital.

The bottom line

Kraken Prop is a small product with an outsized strategic role. For traders, it is one of the most credible entries in a fast-growing but high-attrition category — clean rules, quick payouts, and an institutional name behind the capital. For Kraken, it is a low-cost acquisition funnel that rounds out an “any asset, anytime” platform assembled through $2 billion-plus of M&A and pointed squarely at the public markets. The pieces that make Kraken Prop possible — Breakout’s trust-first model, the NinjaTrader and Bitnomial derivatives stack, and an $800 million war chest at a $20 billion valuation — are the same pieces investors will scrutinize whenever Kraken’s paused IPO comes back to life.

The post Kraken Prop: Inside the Funded-Trader Program a $20B Exchange Built to Feed Its IPO Push appeared first on BeInCrypto.

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CFTC sues Rhode Island over actions against prediction markets

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CFTC sues Rhode Island over actions against prediction markets

Screens displaying the logo and home page of US cryptocurrency based prediction market platform Polymarket, in Saint-Mande, east of Paris, on April 29, 2026.

Martin Lelievre | Afp | Getty Images

The Commodity Futures Trading Commission announced it was suing Rhode Island on Thursday, one week after the state took action against two prediction market platforms. 

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It marks the seventh state the CFTC has sued in a dispute over who has the right to regulate prediction markets. 

Rhode Island’s attorney general Peter Neronha sued Kalshi and Polymarket last week, saying that the companies were violating the state’s sports-betting laws through their sports-related event contracts, an argument other states have also made. However, the CFTC asserts that the right to regulate these markets falls under the federal agency’s jurisdiction over swaps and derivatives, which it says includes event contracts. 

“CFTC-registered exchanges have faced an onslaught of lawsuits seeking to limit Americans’ access to event contracts and undermine the CFTC’s sole regulatory jurisdiction over prediction markets,” said CFTC Chairman Michael Selig in a press release announcing the lawsuit. “This power grab ignores the law and decades of precedent.”

The CFTC is seeking both to intervene in the state’s existing lawsuit against platforms and filed its own complaint against Rhode Island.

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In all, 18 states are currently engaged in litigation over prediction markets. One of those states, Minnesota, has moved to outright ban them

In a social media post on Tuesday, President Donald Trump said it was critical that the commission’s exclusive jurisdiction over prediction market regulation is maintained.

While authorities in the states involved in legal proceedings over prediction markets are on both sides of the aisle, the CFTC has only gone after ones with Democratic attorneys general. Neronha, the Rhode Island attorney general, is also a Democrat. 

The Rhode Island Attorney General’s office could not be immediately reached for comment.

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Disclosure: CNBC and Kalshi have a commercial relationship that includes customer acquisition and a minority investment.

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SUI: Stops Unexpectedly and Intermittently

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SUI: Stops Unexpectedly and Intermittently

The Sui blockchain is currently down, with transactions “paused” for almost three hours, at the time of writing. The outage is the network’s third in 18 months.

Sui’s status page shows an ongoing “mainnet settlement” incident the cause of which, despite the issue having been identified, the team hasn’t disclosed.

However, activity in Sui-developer Mysten Labs’ GitHub repository appears to show developers working on an emergency fix.

According to Sui block explorer Suiscan, transactions have been stalled since 13:48 UTC.

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Read more: ‘Solana killer’ Sui does Solana things — goes offline for 2 hours

Sui Network, the spiritual successor to Meta’s planned cryptocurrency, Diem, was launched in 2023, just a year after the latter was abandoned.

Since then, Sui has faced a two-hour outage in 2024 as well as six hours of disruption in January this year. Additionally, the network’s main exchange, Cetus, was hacked for over $200 million last year, wiping $1 billion off SUI’s market cap.

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The network bills itself as “high-performance” and is often compared to Solana as a fast, high-throughput alternative to Ethereum. Indeed, Solana was at one point well-known for its intermittent outages.

Other blockchains, so-called “layer twos” which focus on scaling the Ethereum ecosystem, have also stuttered recently.

Last year, Coinbase’s popular Base network went offline for 44 minutes, and Starknet turned itself off and on again twice in one day.

Got a tip? Send us an email securely via Protos Leaks. For more informed news and investigations, follow us on XBluesky, and Google News, or subscribe to our YouTube channel.

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Arm Holdings (ARM) Stock Soars 13% Following Mizuho’s Bullish $360 Target Revision

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ARM Stock Card

Key Highlights

  • Arm shares climbed 13% during Wednesday’s session, reaching an intraday peak of $345.60
  • Mizuho Securities upgraded its price forecast from $290 to $360 while keeping its Outperform designation
  • The revised target suggests approximately 19% potential appreciation from Arm’s prior close of $302.71
  • Achieving $360 would establish a fresh record high for the semiconductor designer
  • The upgrade reflects expectations for sustained DRAM demand extending to 2027 and expansion in the high bandwidth memory sector

Arm Holdings (ARM) experienced a significant 13% rally on Wednesday following Mizuho Securities’ decision to elevate its price objective to $360 from the previous $290, accompanied by a reaffirmed Outperform rating. The stock touched $345.60 during intraday trading and has posted gains exceeding 210% since early 2026.


ARM Stock Card
Arm Holdings plc American Depositary Shares, ARM

Mizuho’s updated $360 price objective indicates potential upside of approximately 19% compared to Arm’s latest settlement price of $302.71. Should the stock reach this level, it would set a new peak in the company’s trading history.

The analyst firm’s bullish revision stems from two fundamental convictions. Mizuho anticipates that DRAM demand will maintain momentum through 2027. Additionally, the firm projects continued expansion in the addressable market for high bandwidth memory—both trends expected to benefit Arm’s semiconductor operations.

The evolving AI narrative provides additional support. Arm has increasingly emphasized emerging opportunities within agentic AI, a theme that market participants are viewing as a significant long-term catalyst.

The semiconductor designer’s gross margin currently registers at 94.08%, while its market capitalization has expanded to approximately $322 billion following Wednesday’s advance.

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Potential Headwinds Under Scrutiny

Despite the enthusiasm, the rally comes with certain considerations. Arm has recently identified new operational risks associated with demand forecasting as it transitions into production silicon.

The organization cautioned that closer collaboration with chip foundries may present complications related to supply chain management, manufacturing yields, and inventory optimization. These challenges represent legitimate concerns for an enterprise scaling its hardware manufacturing footprint.

Nevertheless, Mizuho’s choice to increase rather than moderate its outlook indicates the firm believes the company’s growth trajectory overshadows these operational considerations in the near term.

Current Market Position

ARM’s 52-week trading band extends from $100.02 to $349.11. Wednesday’s intraday peak of $345.60 positions the stock near the upper boundary of this range.

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Typical daily trading volume hovers around 9.2 million shares. On Wednesday, activity measured 403,900 shares—substantially below the average—indicating this price movement reflects a sentiment adjustment rather than aggressive institutional accumulation.

The stock’s performance since the beginning of the year now exceeds 176%, representing one of the semiconductor sector’s standout performers in 2026.

Mizuho’s revised $360 price forecast represents the most current analyst assessment available as of Wednesday’s close.

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AI Momentum Fuels Market Rally: Snowflake (SNOW) Soars 35% on Earnings Blowout

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Brian Armstrong's Bold Prediction: AI Agents Will Soon Dominate Global Financial

Key Highlights

  • Major indices approached all-time highs fueled by robust corporate results and artificial intelligence enthusiasm
  • Snowflake (SNOW) skyrocketed more than 35% following stellar quarterly results and a massive $6 billion Amazon Web Services partnership
  • Unusual Machines soared up to 67% amid speculation about Pentagon funding for domestic drone production
  • Crude oil prices experienced dramatic volatility, with Brent briefly hitting $93 before retreating on diplomatic developments between Washington and Tehran
  • Semiconductor leaders like Marvell and AMD remained in focus as the AI infrastructure buildout continued

Equity markets extended their advance Thursday as impressive quarterly earnings and renewed artificial intelligence optimism bolstered investor sentiment. The S&P 500 and Nasdaq Composite both flirted with record territory throughout trading.

Oil emerged as the session’s most volatile asset. Brent crude temporarily spiked to $93 per barrel following escalating geopolitical tensions in the Middle East involving Iran. However, prices reversed course after media reports indicated potential diplomatic progress between the United States and Iran.

Energy markets remain under close scrutiny by market participants. A sustained climb in petroleum prices could reignite inflationary pressures and potentially alter the Federal Reserve’s monetary policy trajectory.

Snowflake (SNOW) Rockets 35% Following Stellar Earnings and Major AWS Partnership

Thursday’s standout performer was undoubtedly Snowflake. The cloud-based data platform provider exploded higher by more than 35% after delivering quarterly earnings that substantially exceeded analyst projections and upgrading its full-year revenue guidance.

Snowflake simultaneously unveiled a five-year AI infrastructure collaboration with Amazon Web Services valued at approximately $6 billion.

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The impressive performance eased investor anxieties that artificial intelligence advancements might undermine established software enterprises. Company executives emphasized that customer appetite for AI-powered solutions is intensifying rather than diminishing.

The positive momentum rippled through the broader software sector. Oracle, MongoDB, and ServiceNow all registered gains in Snowflake’s wake.

Numerous software companies had faced headwinds throughout 2026 amid concerns that generative AI applications could cannibalize traditional revenue streams. Snowflake’s quarterly performance suggested the contrary, demonstrating that AI is functioning as a growth catalyst rather than a disruptive threat.

Defense Drone Stocks Skyrocket on Government Funding Speculation

Military and drone-related stocks posted explosive gains Thursday. Market chatter intensified around potential increased federal funding earmarked for American-based drone manufacturers.

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Unusual Machines surged as much as 67% intraday. The dramatic price movement followed reports suggesting the company could be positioned to benefit from anticipated Pentagon procurement initiatives.

The buying frenzy extended throughout the defense technology space. AeroVironment and Kratos Defense & Security Solutions also attracted strong investor demand as traders positioned for companies likely to capture expanded military and intelligence surveillance budgets.

Heightened Middle Eastern geopolitical instability has amplified investor attention toward defense technology equities. Market observers note the unmanned aerial vehicle sector has emerged as one of the equity market’s most dynamic investment themes as nations worldwide expand defense appropriations.

Semiconductor Stocks Maintain Strength Amid Persistent AI Demand

Semiconductor equities remained prominently featured throughout the trading session. Marvell Technology advanced after posting quarterly results that exceeded Street estimates.

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Advanced Micro Devices climbed as capital continued flowing into AI infrastructure-focused investments.

Thursday’s trading action underscored a marketplace still predominantly oriented toward artificial intelligence expansion and earnings strength. Crude oil volatility and Middle Eastern geopolitical developments represent ongoing risks commanding investor attention.

For the present, solid corporate profitability continues underpinning the market’s upward trajectory.

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Sequans dumps bitcoin treasury after less than a year

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Sequans dumps bitcoin treasury after less than a year

Sequans Communications, the French semiconductor company that pivoted to bitcoin (BTC) treasury operations 11 months ago to escape a New York Stock Exchange delisting warning, is winding down its experiment. 

The chipmaker confirmed today that it fully redeemed its convertible debt by selling BTC. 

It also plans to quietly “monetize” its remaining 658 BTC. At its peak, the company held 3,234 BTC.

Sequans once vowed to accumulate over 3,000 BTC as a “long-term reserve.” Long-term apparently meant less than a year.

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Sequans’ SQNS common stock opened for trading today down 77% over the past year and 97% over the past five years.

Its brief existence as a BTC treasury company, coinciding with heavy promotions by Swan Bitcoin and its CEO Cory Klippsten, began on June 23, 2025. That was 18 days after NYSE warned Sequans that its market capitalization and shareholders’ equity had both fallen below the exchange’s $50 million minimum.

“Sequans is poised to lead among bitcoin treasury companies,” Klippsten said with SQNS trading at $23.40 per share. Those same shares opened for trading today at $3.98.

Bitcoin strategy died on the launch pad

The original sales pitch was familiar to victims of digital asset treasury stocks that have almost all declined in value after the bubble popped in early summer 2025

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Using phrases that have aged like milk, Sequans CEO Georges Karam said the company had “strong conviction in BTC as a premier asset and a compelling long-term investment.” 

Sequans named Swan Bitcoin as its implementation partner and Coinbase Prime as its custodian. In addition, Northland Capital Markets and B. Riley Securities served as joint lead placement agents on a $384 million private placement.

However, of this, only $195 million of that came from equity sold at $1.40 per American depositary share.

The remaining $189 million was secured convertible debentures collateralized by the BTC itself. From day one, Sequans was a treasury company whose reserve was effectively pledged to its lenders.

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By October 3, Sequans held 3,234 BTC at an average cost basis of $116,643 per coin. For context, BTC this morning was worth less than $73,000.

Barely a month later, Sequans would become a leader among publicly traded BTC treasuries for the wrong reason — liquidating 970 BTC to pay off some of its debts.

That sale violated the core dogma of the BTC treasury playbook. Strategy founder Michael Saylor, the leader of the sector, had famously told investors to “sell a kidney if you must, but keep the bitcoin.” Sequans sold the BTC.

Read more: Why billions in Bitcoin treasury purchases can’t pump the price

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‘Treasury Strategy Concluded’

Five months later, Sequans scrapped the strategy entirely. Today’s press release states simply, “Treasury Strategy Concluded.” 

CEO Karam, who once described BTC as a premier asset, now says the debt redemption “marks an important turning point” and that Sequans is “fully focused on scaling our IoT semiconductor business.”

Gone is the praise of BTC’s unique properties and the commitment to long-term shareholder value through treasury management. There is only a plan to sell.

The Q1 2026 earnings release telegraphed the exit three weeks earlier.

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Buried in the risk-factor section was an explicit reference to the company’s planned exit from its BTC treasury strategy. The same release booked a $50.5 million operating loss for the quarter.

Revenue fell to $6.1 million.

For all of 2025, Sequans reported a net loss of $109.3 million, including a $67.4 million unrealized impairment on BTC, per its annual report. Its accumulated deficit had reached a staggering $145.1 million.

In summary, Sequans lost tens of millions of dollars by buying BTC high and selling it low.

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Its treasury strategy was meant to enhance financial resilience and create long-term shareholder value, but it did neither. SQNS now trades 80% lower than its high on the day it launched its BTC treasury, and 92% below its 52-week high.

Got a tip? Send us an email securely via Protos Leaks. For more informed news and investigations, follow us on XBluesky, and Google News, or subscribe to our YouTube channel.

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5 Bitcoin Miner Stocks Crushing BTC as AI Infrastructure Spending Explodes

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Bitcoin Price and 10-Year US Treasury Yields Performance

Bitcoin miners outperformed BTC by a wide margin in 2026, with a tracked basket of crypto equities up 56% year-to-date while the pioneer crypto fell 17%, according to 10x Research.

Last week, five mining and AI-infrastructure stocks led the gains as Bitcoin slid on rising Treasury yields and hawkish Federal Reserve expectations.

Bitcoin Price and 10-Year US Treasury Yields Performance
Bitcoin Price and 10-Year US Treasury Yields Performance. Source: TradingView

The catalysts ran from hyperscaler GPU deals to mega campus acquisitions, all signaling that the miner-to-AI-infrastructure pivot is accelerating.

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1. KEEL Infrastructure (KEEL), +30%

KEEL, formerly Bitfarms, posted the strongest weekly gain after Chardan initiated coverage with a Buy rating.

The company is repositioning its 2.2-gigawatt power pipeline across Pennsylvania, Washington, and Quebec toward AI and high-performance computing workloads, joining a broader Bitcoin miner AI pivot that has reshaped sector valuations through 2026.

2. Cipher Mining (CIFR), +29%

Cipher rode the same wave on the back of fresh institutional backing and continued progress on its hyperscale leasing pipeline.

Analysts pointed to the company’s Texas power footprint and balance-sheet capacity as the key drivers behind investor appetite for more AI data center capacity announcements.

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3. IREN (IREN), +29%

IREN signed a $1.6 billion purchase agreement with Dell on May 26 for Blackwell GPU systems that will service its five-year, $3.4 billion managed AI cloud contract.

Commissioning is targeted for early 2027 at the company’s Childress, Texas campus, and is expected to lift IREN’s annualized run-rate revenue from $3.7 billion to $4.4 billion.

4. TeraWulf (WULF), +24%

TeraWulf added a 285-acre Muskie Data Campus in Eastern Kentucky on May 26 that the company expects to support up to 1 gigawatt of capacity, with initial 500 MW delivery slated for late 2028.

The acquisition extends TeraWulf’s AI and HPC expansion beyond its existing Lake Mariner and Abernathy sites.

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5. Hut 8 (HUT), +22%

Hut 8 signed a 15-year, $9.8 billion lease for its Beacon Point campus in Nueces County, Texas.

The 352-megawatt facility was designed to NVIDIA’s DSX reference architecture and lifts the company’s contracted AI capacity to about 597 megawatts, building on Hut 8’s expansion plans across Louisiana, Texas, and Illinois.

“Hut 8’s $9.8 billion Texas lease all signaled that the Bitcoin miner-to-AI-infrastructure pivot is accelerating rapidly,” read an excerpt in the 10X Research note.

Why Bitcoin Lagged the Miners

Bitcoin traded around $73,367 on Thursday, down nearly 5% on the week, BeInCrypto data showed.

Bitcoin (BTC) Price Performance. Source: BeInCrypto

BlackRock’s IBIT extended a multi-day net outflow streak, mirroring the BlackRock AI infrastructure deal thesis that capital is rotating from passive BTC exposure toward miners with hyperscaler contracts.

The 10-year Treasury yield eased to 4.47% to 4.50% ahead of the PCE inflation print, and the next FOMC meeting on June 16-17 will likely shape whether the mining stocks rally case holds into the summer.

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The post 5 Bitcoin Miner Stocks Crushing BTC as AI Infrastructure Spending Explodes appeared first on BeInCrypto.

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Archer Aviation (ACHR) Stock Surges 6% Following Major Institutional Investment

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ACHR Stock Card

Key Highlights

  • Seven Grand Managers LLC acquired 3 million shares of ACHR valued at approximately $22.56 million during Q4
  • Shares opened Thursday at $6.53, representing a gain of roughly 6.56%
  • Q1 results showed an EPS loss of -$0.28 against a consensus estimate of -$0.25; revenue totaled $1.60M compared to expectations of $1.66M
  • Advancements in FAA certification and participation in UAE’s air taxi program are improving market sentiment
  • Wall Street analysts maintain a “Moderate Buy” consensus with an average target price of $11.83

Shares of Archer Aviation (ACHR) soared 6.56% during Thursday’s trading session, beginning the day at $6.53, following the revelation that Seven Grand Managers LLC established a significant new position in the electric vertical takeoff and landing (eVTOL) manufacturer valued at around $22.56 million.


ACHR Stock Card
Archer Aviation Inc., ACHR

The investment comprises approximately 0.46% of Archer’s total shares and ranks as the 17th largest position within Seven Grand Managers’ portfolio. This holding represents about 1.7% of the fund’s complete investment allocation.

This institutional commitment arrives on the heels of a challenging Q1 financial report released on May 11. The company recorded an earnings per share loss of $0.28, exceeding the anticipated loss of $0.25. Top-line results reached $1.60 million, falling marginally short of the $1.66 million analyst forecast.

The quarterly loss deepened compared to the prior year period, when Archer reported an EPS of -$0.17. Wall Street projections indicate a full-year EPS loss of -$1.51 for the ongoing fiscal year.

Nevertheless, market participants seem to be prioritizing regulatory developments over near-term financial performance.

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Regulatory Milestones Fueling Optimism

Archer continues to advance through the FAA certification process and has recently been accepted into the UAE’s air taxi regulatory approval framework. These achievements represent tangible progress toward launching commercial flight operations.

Such regulatory victories are providing momentum for bullish investors, despite the company’s ongoing negative cash flows and profitability challenges.

Institutional investors collectively control 59.34% of Archer’s outstanding shares. Additional funds have expanded their positions recently — Bank of Jackson Hole Trust increased its holdings by 45.9% in Q3, while Center for Financial Planning boosted its stake by 138.8% during the identical quarter.

Executive Share Sales Continue

Contrasting with institutional buying activity, company insiders have been divesting shares. Over the previous 90 days, insiders have sold 502,739 shares totaling approximately $3.12 million.

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Chief Accounting Officer Harsh Rungta disposed of 22,826 shares at $6.46 per share on March 5, decreasing his holdings by 25.86%. Eric Lentell, another company insider, sold 48,169 shares at $5.95 each on May 18, similarly reducing his stake by approximately 25%. Both transactions were associated with tax obligations related to vesting equity compensation.

Corporate insiders maintain ownership of 7.65% of the company’s shares.

Regarding analyst coverage, opinions remain varied. Canaccord Genuity reduced its price objective from $13 to $12 on May 12 while preserving a “buy” recommendation. Needham lowered its target from $10 to $9 on March 3, also retaining a “buy” stance. Weiss Ratings has issued a “sell” rating on the shares.

The overall analyst consensus stands at “Moderate Buy” with a mean price target of $11.83 — significantly above current market levels.

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ACHR trades within a 52-week range of $4.80 to $14.62. The stock’s 50-day moving average stands at $5.87, while the 200-day moving average sits at $7.05. With a beta of 3.13, the equity exhibits substantial volatility.

Financially, Archer maintains a current ratio of 18.06 and carries a minimal debt-to-equity ratio of 0.06, indicating conservative leverage.

For the year-to-date period, ACHR shares have declined approximately 12.90%, making Thursday’s advance one of the stronger single-session performances in recent trading activity.

The company’s market capitalization currently stands at roughly $4.94 billion.

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Elon Musk Grok AI Predicts XRP Price by The End of 2026

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Elon Musk Grok AI Predicts XRP Price by The End of 2026

Grok AI predicts $5 to $8 on XRP by end of 2026, and Elon Musk’s AI is building that call on a foundation that looks more credible today than it did 12 months ago when most of these catalysts were still hypothetical.

The SEC lawsuit being fully resolved changes the entire institutional access picture. For years that legal cloud was the single biggest reason serious money stayed away from XRP regardless of the utility argument.

That overhang is gone now, spot XRP ETFs are approved and drawing real inflows, and the door to bank partnerships and RippleNet expansion is wider open than it has ever been.

Grok AI XRP Price Prediction

Grok is connecting those dots into a capital rotation story where XRP becomes the obvious beneficiary as cross-border payment infrastructure matures and the XRPL expands into tokenized assets and DeFi.

In a market that rewards low-cost utility tokens when institutional money starts moving, XRP’s positioning is hard to argue against.

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The bear case is lighter than the bull case but not negligible. Macro downturns, slower-than-expected adoption, or profit-taking from holders who have been waiting years for a recovery could cap the move and keep XRP consolidating between $2 and $3.50.

That is still a meaningful gain from current levels, but it would leave the bigger targets sitting on the shelf for another cycle.

Xrp (XRP)
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XRP Price Just Flushed to $1.26 on the 4-Hour, the Timing Could Not Be More Interesting

XRP is trading at $1.29 on the 4-hour chart and what is happening right now on this timeframe is worth paying attention to.

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Price has been in a choppy range between $1.33 and $1.55 for most of the past 2 months, grinding without direction and frustrating holders on both sides.

Then in the last few days something shifted, a sharp 3-candle flush dropped XRP from $1.52 all the way to $1.26, cutting through the range floor and tagging levels not seen since late March.

That kind of flush after a prolonged range is usually one of 2 things: either a genuine breakdown that signals more downside ahead, or a liquidity grab below range support that sets up a sharp reversal.

The speed of the move and the wick structure on the low suggests the latter is more likely, but the follow-through in the next 48 to 72 hours is what confirms it.

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The $1.29 to $1.30 zone is where the dotted support line on this chart sits, and price is sitting right on it. Holding here and reclaiming $1.33 quickly would be a bullish read on the flush. Failing to hold and breaking below $1.26 with conviction opens the door toward $1.20, which is the major daily support level that has held since February.

RSI is at 32.88 with the signal line at 38.37, and that is a genuinely oversold reading on the 4-hour. RSI in the low 30s after a flush this sharp is the kind of setup that precedes mean-reversion bounces, and the gap between RSI and its signal line suggests the selling was fast and emotional rather than structural.

For Grok’s end-of-2026 targets to stay relevant, this $1.26 to $1.30 zone needs to hold. A recovery from here back toward $1.50 and then a clean break above $1.60 on the daily is the sequence that puts the larger move back in play.

Discover: The best crypto to diversify your portfolio with

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Grok AI Predicts That Bitcoin Hyper Could Outperform XRP Next

Some traders rotating between cycles are already looking past large caps entirely.

Bitcoin Hyper is positioning itself for that rotation. The project is building the first Bitcoin Layer 2 with Solana Virtual Machine integration, claiming sub-Solana latency while keeping Bitcoin’s security layer intact.

Fast, low-cost smart contracts on Bitcoin without abandoning its trust model. That is a gap neither Ethereum nor Solana fills directly.

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The presale has raised $32 million at $0.013679 per token with high APY staking available for early participants.

The risk profile is different here. Higher upside potential, earlier entry, and significantly more execution risk than anything trading on major exchanges. That tradeoff is the whole point.

Research Bitcoin Hyper here.

The post Elon Musk Grok AI Predicts XRP Price by The End of 2026 appeared first on Cryptonews.

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Solana News: South Korea Sets DeFi Precedent with First DEX Rug Pull Criminal Case

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🇰🇷

Solana News: Seoul Southern District Prosecutors’ Office has arrested and indicted five suspects in South Korea’s first-ever criminal case targeting a rug pull executed on a decentralized exchange.

The charges, brought under the Virtual Asset User Protection Act, which took effect in July 2024, cover market manipulation and fraud, with 256 investors losing a combined 900 million won ($600,000) after liquidity was drained from the CATFI token pool.

The case marks the first time South Korean authorities have applied the Act’s unfair-trading provisions to a DEX-based scheme, explicitly framing it as “the first legal prosecution of a crypto crime executed through a DEX.”

Suspects were arrested on May 11, 2026; all five were formally indicted by the Seoul Southern District Prosecutors’ Office on May 27, 2026.

The main suspect, identified by the surname Park, operated online as the influencer “Eth Father”, a fake persona constructed to manufacture organic-looking community interest in CATFI.

Park and four associates launched the meme coin on a Solana-based decentralized exchange, quietly pre-loading wallets with a dominant token position before the public promotion campaign began.

Using circular trading and coordinated wash trades across multiple wallets, the group pumped CATFI’s price 1,001-fold within 26 hours, attracting retail buyers before pulling the liquidity entirely.

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The organizers pocketed approximately 400 million won ($260,000) in illegal profits, leaving 256 investors holding worthless positions.

Source: SF

Two suspects were arrested and indicted for market manipulation; one was indicted without detention; two others were charged for helping the main suspect evade authorities – one of whom allegedly spent three months in disguise to avoid arrest.

Discover: The Best Crypto to Diversify Your Portfolio

Solana News: South Korea CATFI Arrest and DeFi Regulation

DEXs have operated in a persistent regulatory blind spot across most jurisdictions, no centralized listing process, no mandatory issuer disclosure, and pseudonymous wallet structures that historically frustrated enforcement.

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Before CATFI, South Korea’s Virtual Asset User Protection Act had been applied exclusively to centralized-exchange market abuse cases, including manipulation on Bithumb and the ACE token scheme. The CATFI prosecution is the first time those unfair-trading clauses have been tested against on-chain DEX conduct.

Source: Wu

Prosecutors did not charge the group under unregistered exchange or token-listing statutes. Instead, they relied on traditional fraud and market-manipulation provisions within the User Protection Act, arguing that circular trading, fake influencer promotion, and deliberate misrepresentation of insider token control constitute “fraudulent means, plans, or techniques” in digital asset trading.

That legal theory is significant: it means prosecutors do not need a registered entity or a centralized platform to bring charges – conduct on-chain is enough.

Seoul Southern District prosecutors framed the enforcement mandate explicitly, stating the office would “resolutely deal with acts that disrupt the digital asset market and undermine public trust.”

The CATFI case does not exist in isolation. South Korea introduced five-minute reconciliation requirements and automated kill switches for crypto platforms earlier in 2026, alongside a new Digital Asset Act carrying a 100% reserve requirement for stablecoins.

Authorities also signaled in January a reconsideration of the country’s long-standing ban on spot bitcoin ETFs.

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Against a backdrop of $110 billion in crypto outflows through 2025, regulators have been systematically closing the gap between DeFi activity and formal oversight, and as broader crypto regulatory frameworks evolve globally, South Korea’s enforcement posture is increasingly setting the pace for DeFi-specific cybercrime prosecution.

Discover: The Best Token Presales

How did They Trace Them?

Investigators built the CATFI case using wallet clustering to map insider token concentration, circular trading pattern analysis to identify wash-trade coordination across linked addresses, and off-ramp KYC intersection, the point at which pseudonymous wallets convert to fiat at a centralized exchange with identity verification requirements.

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That off-ramp exposure point is the structural vulnerability in every DEX-based rug pull: operators can obscure their identity on-chain, but converting proceeds to fiat requires passing through a regulated gateway.

Solana (SOL)
24h7d30d1yAll time

Online investigators initially identified the suspect wallets and filed complaints, but authorities temporarily closed the case after the group claimed they had been hacked.

The Financial Services Commission later re-referred the matter, prompting a renewed forensic investigation that brought in both financial and tax authorities to complete the chain of evidence. Additional details on the investigative timeline confirm the FSC’s re-referral was the turning point that unlocked the full forensic reconstruction.

Analysts frames the case as signaling the end of DEXs as an enforcement blind spot, noting that authorities are now mapping on-chain behavior, social promotion, and market manipulation into conventional prosecutorial theories. Pseudonymous branding and multi-wallet setups do not place a case beyond reach when combined with modern blockchain forensics and KYC off-ramp tracing.

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DeFi regulation in South Korea has now moved from exchange oversight to on-chain conduct, and Solana meme coin operators who assumed decentralization meant immunity are reading that statement very carefully right now.

The post Solana News: South Korea Sets DeFi Precedent with First DEX Rug Pull Criminal Case appeared first on Cryptonews.

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